Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Advanced Anatomy > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

1
Q

What is the only place with pectinate muscle in the left atrium?

A

the left auricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the three layers of the pericardium

A

fibrous
serous:
- parietal
- visceral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the pericardial cavity do?

A

reduces friction, enabling heart to move and beat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why is the fibrous pericardium inelastic?

A

to protect against overfilling of heart and/or pericardial cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the pericardial sinuses? What are the two names?

A

Reflections of parietal and visceral serous pericardium

Transverse and Oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where is the apex of the heart found?

A

the left 5th intercostal space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what occupies the cardiac notch of the left lung?

A

the pulmonary surface of the heart (left ventricle)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the three surfaces of the heart

A

Sternocostal - anterior
Diaphragmatic - inferior
Pulmonary - left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is found in the cardiac grooves and sulci?

A

vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where is the tricuspid valve?

A

between right atrium and right ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The cusps of the tricuspid valve attach to ______ ______ which anchors to __________ which provides _________ __________

A

Chordae Tendinae

Papillary muscle

Structural support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where is the conus arteriosus found?

A

right ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

where is the moderator band found and what does it do?

A

right ventricle

passes electrical signals to right ventricle (needed because wall is thin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what makes the rough walls of the left and right ventricles?

A

Trabeculae carneae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How many pulmonary veins are there?

A

Four

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what separates the left atrium from the ascending aorta?

A

the aortic semilunar valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where is the mitral (bicuspid valve) found?

A

between the left atrium and left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

interior portion of the interventricular septum is_______

superior portion of the interventricular septum is ______

A

Muscular

Membranous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Three parts of cardiac skeleton

A

Tendon of conus arteriosus
- aortic to pulmonary semilunar valves
Left fibrous trigone
- mitral valve to aortic semilunar valves
Right fibrous trigone
- AV valves to aortic semilunar valves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

the only branches off the ascending aorta

A

coronary arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Branches of right coronary artery

A

Right marginal artery
Nodal artery
Posterior interventricular artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

60% supply of SA node and supply of AV node

A

right coronary

23
Q

40% supply of SA node

A

left coronary

24
Q

Branches of left coronary artery

A

circumflex artery
Anterior interventricular artery/left anterior descending
- diagonal branch
Left marginal artery

25
Q

what is a right dominant heart?

A

the circumflex artery branches off the right coronary (rather than the typical left)

26
Q

All veins of the heart drain into the _______ _______

A

coronary sinus

27
Q

where is the coronary sinus found?

A

sits in the coronary sulcus

28
Q

what are the three cardiac veins?

A

Great Cardiac Vein
Middle Cardiac Vein
Small Cardiac Vein

(anterior cardiac veins are smaller and few)

29
Q

Great cardiac vein runs with

A

anterior interventricular artery

30
Q

middle cardiac vein runs with

A

posterior interventricular artery

31
Q

small cardiac vein runs with

A

right marginal artery

32
Q

What does sinoatrial (SA) node do?

A

initiates impulse for contraction

33
Q

What does the atrioventricular (AV) node do?

A

collects impulses from atria and distributes to ventricles

34
Q

What does the AV bundle (bundle of His) do?

A

Divides into right and left bundle branches

35
Q

70-80 bpm when initiates impulse

A

SA node

36
Q

40-60 bpm when initiates impulse

A

AV node

37
Q

20-40 bpm when initiates impulse

A

AV bundle

38
Q

Five parts of the heart’s conduction system:

A 
SA node
AV node
AV bundle (bundle of His)
Right and Left bundle branches
Purkinje fibers (subendocardial fibers)
39
Q

What innervates the heart?

A

Cardiac plexus (sympathetic supply)

Vagus nerve (parasympathetic supply)

40
Q

Cardiac plexus nerve levels

A

T1 - T4 (burning sensation down medial surface of left arm during MI in males)

41
Q

“Lub” is caused by

A

the closure of the AV valves (tricuspid and mitral valves)

42
Q

“Dub” is caused by

A

the closure of the semilunar valves

43
Q

heart sounds caused by

A

turbulence of the blood flow as a result of closures of the heart valves (think car window)

44
Q

inflammation of the pericardium; creates and audible friction rub sound

A

pericarditis

45
Q

heart compression due to increased fluid in the confined pericardial space

A

cardiac tamponade

46
Q

slow increase in heart size

A

cardiomegaly

47
Q

related to incomplete closure of foramen ovale

A

Atrial septal defects (ASD)

48
Q

membranous part of IV septum separates from the muscular part

A

Ventricular septal defects (VSD)

49
Q

narrowing of the valve cusps; can become fused

A

Pulmonary/Aortic stenosis

50
Q

failure of valve to close completely (due to nodule formation on the cusps)

A

Valvular insufficiency/regurgitation

51
Q

one or both leaflets are enlarged or “floppy” and extend back into left atrium

A

Prolapsed mitral valve

52
Q

pain in the substernal region and down the medial side of the left arm and forearm

A

angina pectoris (chest pain)

53
Q

occlusion of major artery by an embolus (can cause angina)

A

myocardial infarction

54
Q

lacking adequate blood supply

A

ischemia heart disease

Advanced Anatomy (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions