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Anatomy Written 3 > Thoracic Wall > Flashcards

Thoracic Wall Flashcards

1
Q

Function

A

Protection

Space for lungs (respiration)

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2
Q

Suprasternal Notch

A

T2 to T3

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3
Q

Sternal Angle

A

T4 to T5
Manubriosternal Joint
Costal cartilage of 2nd rib

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4
Q

Xiphoid process

A

T9 to T10

Ossifies at age 40

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5
Q

Root of spine of scapula

A

Vertebral level of T4

Spine of T3 (palpate)

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6
Q

Inferior angle of scapula

A 
Vertebral level of T8
Spine T7 (palpate)
Overlies rib 7, points to rib 8
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7
Q

Midsternal

A

line down middle of sternum

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8
Q

Midclavicular

A

1/2 btw clavicle and line down

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9
Q

Scapular

A

Vertical line through inferior angle of scapula

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10
Q

Anterior Axillary Line

A

Vertical line dropped at lateral border of pec major

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11
Q

Midaxillary line

A

Vertical line through middle of axillary fossa (down armpit)

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12
Q

Posterior axillary line

A

Vertical line dropped at lateral border of latissimus dorsi

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13
Q

Thoracic Inlet

A

Body of T1

1st pair of ribs and cartilages

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14
Q

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

A

Cervical rib impinging on subclavian –> brachial plexus
Numb and swollen arm
Nothing to do with anatomical thoracic outlet

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15
Q

Thoracic Outlet

A

Xiphisternal joint
12th ribs and costochondral junction
Closed by the diaphragm

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16
Q

Sternal Region

A

Sternum (Manubrium, Body, Xiphoid)

Clavicular and chondral attachments to sternum

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17
Q

Manubrium

A

T2 to T5

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18
Q

Body of Sternum

A

T5 - T9

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19
Q

Xiphoid Process

A

T9-T10

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20
Q

Sternoclavicular Joint

A

Synovial, saddle type joint that acts as a ball and socket

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21
Q

Manubriosternal

A

Secondary cartilaginous joint (gives you rib 2)

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22
Q

Xiphisternal Joint

A

Primary cartilaginous joint

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23
Q

Costovertebral Joint

A

Head of rib and vertebral body at and above its level

24
Q

Costotransverse Joint

A

Tubercle of rib and transverse process of vertebrae at the same level

25
True Ribs
1st - 7th pair | Anteriorly and inferiorly
26
False Ribs
8th - 12th 8, 9, 10 join with 7 and get to sternum that way 11 and 12 are floating
27
Rib
Head - vertebral end, two articular facets (demifacets) Tubercle (on if edge with facet next to it) Shaft - Angle (point of greatest curvature) Costal Groove (houses VAN)
28
Costochondral Joint
No movement | Cartilaginous and ossifies later in life
29
Sternocostal Joint
1st rib is primary cartilaginous joint (immovable) | Rest are synovial plane type joints (slightly movable)
30
Breast
``` Located in superficial fascia Modified sweat gland Areola - ring around Nipple 20 glands - lactiferous ducts that open onto nipple ```
31
Anatomcal location of breast - Male
4th intercostal space
32
Anatomical location of breast - Female
Vertically from 2nd - 6th rib Transversely from lateral border of sternum to midaxillary line 2/3 on deep fascia of pec major 1/3 on deep fascia of serratus anterior
33
Retromammary Space
btw glands and deep fascia Allows for movemement of breast Tumor - cancer - less movement
34
Suspensory LIgament
``` attaches gland to dermis of skin well developed superiorly holds breast in position lose elasticity as age Cancer - tumor - impingement - dimpling ```
35
Vasculature of the Breast
Internal Thoracic Artery Lateral Thoracic Artery Thoracoacromial Branches
36
Lymphatic Drainage
75% through axillary nodes | 25% through clavicular and parasternal nodes
37
Serratus Posterior Superior
Elevates
38
Serratus Posterior Inferior
Depresses
39
Levator Costarum
Transverse processes C7-T11 to costal tubercle and costal angle 12 pairs of fan shaped muscles
40
Thoracic Muscles - Supeficial to Deep
Intercostal Muscles (External, Internal, Innermost) Subcostal Muscles Transversus Thoracis
41
Intercostal Muscles
Innervated by local intercostal nerves (ventral primary rami of spinal nerves) External Internal Innermost
42
External Intercostal Muscles
Fibers run anteroinferiorly from upper to lower rib Muscle starts at costal tubercle, runs to costochondral junction Extends to sternum as external intercostal membrane Elevates
43
Internal Intercostal Muscles
Fibers run posteroinferiorly from upper to lower rib Muscle starts at lateral border of sternum and runs to costal angle Extends to vertebrae as internal intercostal membrane Costal region - depresses Chondral region - elevates
44
Innermost Intercostal Muscles
Located in 3rd muscular layer of intercostal space Found internally on posterolateral thoracic walls Elevation and Depression
45
Subcostal Muscles
Located in 3rd muscular layer of intercostal space posteriorly Found internally on posterior thoracic wall Muscle crosses more than one intercostal space Elevates
46
Transversus Throacis
Located in 3rd muscular layer of intercostal space anteriorly Lower sternum to the internal surface of 2nd to 6th costal cartilage Head toward inferior part of body of sternum on inside Depresses ribs
47
Thoracic Diaphragm
Sternal, Costochondral and lumbar attachments | 80% of quiet breathing
48
Intercostal Space
11 Spaces
49
Intercostal Space - Muscles
3 | Above muscles attached internally to parietal pleura via endothoracic fascia
50
Intercostal Space - Parietal Pleura
1st of 3 serous membranes Helps prevent friction build up On the wall
51
Intercostal Space - Neurovascular Bundle
Housed in the costal groove btw the second and third muscular layers (internal and innermost) VAN
52
Intercostal Space - Intercostal Nerves
``` Thoracic NErves T1 - T11 (typical spinal nerve) Thoracoabdominal nerves (T7 - T11) - these become cutaneous branches - dermatomes ```
53
Intercostal Space - Arteries - Anterior
Internal Thoracic Artery (1st of subclavian) - Terminates 6th IC space Then bifurcates 1. Musculophrenic - supplies 7th - 9th space 2. Superior Epigastric 3. No anterior intercostals in 10th and 11 (only post)
54
Intercostal Space - Arteries - Posterior
``` Superior Intercostal (from costocervical trunk) - assist in supplying 1st and 2nd spaces Thoracic Aorta - supplies all 11 IC spaces - gives off subcostal artery under 12th rib ```
55
Intercostal Space - Veins
Azygos system of veins - Venous drainage from R and L posterior intercostal veins, arch up over bronchus and go to SVC Internal Thoracic Vein
56
Intercostal Space - Subcostal VAN
``` Subcostal Vein - Close to bone Subcostal Artery - Middle Subcostal Nerve - most inferior Located under 12th rib T12 nerve ```
57
Costodiaphragmatic Recess
Where diaphragmatic pleura reflects onto the ribs as costal pleura (still one membrane) AKA costophrenic angle

Anatomy Written 3 (9 decks)

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