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Anatomy Written 3 > Inguinal Region > Flashcards

Inguinal Region Flashcards

1
Q

Define

A

Junction btw anterior abdominal wall and thigh - where things enter and exit abdominal cavity
Inherent site of weakness - hernia

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2
Q

Inguinal ligament

A

Inferior, rolled over margin of external abdominal oblique

Runs from ASIS to pubic tubercles

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3
Q

Lacunar Ligament

A

Extension of inguinal ligament

Attach to superior pubic ramus

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4
Q

Pectineal Ligament

A

Lateral part of lacunar ligament

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5
Q

Inguinal Canal

A

Slit like passage from internal abdominal cavity to external inguinal region

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6
Q

Deep Inguinal Ring

A

Entrance
From transversalis fascia
Halfway btw ASIS and pubic tubercle
Lateral to inferior epigastric vessels

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7
Q

Superficial Inguinal Ring

A

Exit
Through external oblique aponeurosis
Above pubic tubercle bounded by lateral and medial crura

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8
Q

Hesselbach’s Triangle

A

Site for direct hernias

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9
Q

Femoral Ring

A

Site for femoral hernias

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10
Q

Inguinal Canal Boundaries

A 
MALT
Roof = Muscles - IO and TA
Ant wall = Aponeuroses - EO and IO
Floor = Ligaments - Inguinal and lacunar
Post wall = Tendon - conjoint tendon and transversalis fascia
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11
Q

Contents in Ingunal Canal - Male

A

Spermatic Cord

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12
Q

Contents in Inguinal Canal - Female

A

Round Ligament of uterus

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13
Q

Contents in Inguinal Canal - Both M and F

A

Ilioinguinal nerve, genital branch of genitofemoral nerve

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14
Q

Layers of Scrotum

A

Scrotal Skin - from the external skin
Tunica Dartos - smooth muscle and fascia (from scarpas)
External Spermatic Fascia - From EO

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15
Q

Layers of Spermatic Cord

A

From External Spermatic Fascia - from EO
Cremasteric Fascia and Muscle - from IO
Internal spermatic fascia - from transversalis fascia

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16
Q

Spermatic Cord Contents

A 
Vas Deferens - what sperm travels up
Deferent and testicular artery
Pampiniform plexus of veins
Lymphatics
Visceral afferents and efferents
Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
17
Q

Nerves alongisde spermatic cord

A

Inlioinguinal L1-L2

18
Q

Scrotum COntents

A

Testis - production of sperm
Epididymis - camp
Vas deferens

19
Q

Testes Coverings

A

Tunica albuginea - completely encloses it

Tunica Vaginals - parietal and visceral - only partially

20
Q

Cremasteric Reflex

A

Cremaster muscle is somatic
Stroke upper thigh - will get response from ilioinguinal nerve - testicle will raise from efferent of genital branch of genitofemoral (L1 and 2)

21
Q

Absence of Cremasteric Reflex

A

L1/L2 injury

Testicular torsion - twisting so can’t pull up

22
Q

Gonadal Development - Processus Vaginalis

A

Early extension of peritoneal cavity into scrotum (labia majorum)

23
Q

Gonadal Development - Gubernaculum

A

The testes descends via gubernaculum into scrotum and through inguinal canal
Males = stays as testes
Females = Round and ovarian ligament

24
Q

Gonadal Development - Tunica Vaginalis

A

Remnant of distal poscessus vaginalis in males

25
Q

Indirect Inguinal Hernia

A

Lateral to inferior epigastric vessels, passes through inguinal canal through deep ring
Stays in spertic cord

26
Q

Direct Inguinal Hernia

A

Medial to inferior pigastic vessels, passes through triangle

27
Q

Boundaries of Hesselbachs Triangle

A 
Inferior = Inguinal Ligament
Lateral = Inferior epigastric vessels
Medial = lateral border of rectus abdominis
28
Q

Femoral Hernias

A

Inferior to inguinal ligament, go through femoral ring of anterior abdomen
More common in females

29
Q

Sports Hernias

A

torn muscle, ligament or tendon in lower abdominal/inguinal region - not a true herniation

30
Q

Incarcerated

A

Irreducible - cannot be manually reduced

31
Q

Strangulated

A

Blood supply is cut off

32
Q

Direct Inguinal

A

Often reducible
Acquired
Medial to inf epigastric a
Hesselbachs triangle

33
Q

Indirect Inguinal

A

Irreducible
Congenital - typically see with men at birth
Lateral to inf epigastric
Deep ring

34
Q

Femoral

A

Often reducible
Acquired
Inferior to inguinal lig
Femoral ring

Anatomy Written 3 (9 decks)

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