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Anatomy Written 3 > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

1
Q

Pericardium

A

Double walled fibroserous sac which encloses the heart and the roots of the great vessels

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2
Q

Pericardium attached to…

A

Sternum via the sternopericardial ligaments

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3
Q

Fibrous Pericardium

A

Anchor, tough and inelastic
Fused to central tendon of diaphragm
Protects against overfilling

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4
Q

Serous Pericardium

A

Parietal
Visceral
Pericardial Cavity

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5
Q

Serous Pericardium - Parietal

A

Fused to internal surface of the fibrous pericardium

Can’t separate parietal from fibrous

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6
Q

Serous Pericardium - Visceral

A

Epicardium - shiny layer on top

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7
Q

Serous Pericardium - Parietal Cavity

A

Sinuses

  • Oblique = space btw visceral and parietal
  • Transverse = significant with bipass - outflow
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8
Q

Heart Base

A

Left Atrium

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9
Q

Heart Apex

A

Left Ventricle

Left 5th intercostal space

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10
Q

Surfaces

A

Planar
Anterior
Inferior
Left

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11
Q

Anterior Surface

A

Sternocostal = right ventricle

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12
Q

Inferior Surface

A

Diaphragmatic = both ventricles, primarily left

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13
Q

Left Surface

A

Pulmonary = left ventricle, occupies cardiac notch

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14
Q

Borders - Right

A

Right Atrium

Right 3rd costal cartilage to right 6th costal cartilage

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15
Q

Borders - Inferior

A

Right ventricle and apex of left ventricle

Right 6th costal cartilage to left 5th intercostal space

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16
Q

Borders - Left

A

Left ventricle and left auricle

Left 5th intercostal space to left 2nd costal cartilage

17
Q

Borders - Superior

A

Right and left auricles, conus arteriosis

Left 2nd costal cartilage to right 3rd costal cartilage

18
Q

Cardiac Grooves and Sulci

A

Coronary Sulcus (atrioventricular)
Anterior Interventricular Groove
Posterior Interventricular Groove

19
Q

Cardiac Skeleton

A

Fibrocartilagenous tissue
Divides atria from ventricles
Provides barrier btw atria and ventricles for conductive system
Provides attachment for heart valves and myocardium

20
Q

Tendon of Conus Arteriosis

A

Outlfow for RV

Aortic to pulmonary semilunar velves

21
Q

Left Fibrous Trigone

A

Mitral valve to aortic semilunar valves

22
Q

Right Fibrous Trigone

A

Atrioventricular valves to aortic semilunar valves

23
Q

Arterial Supply

A

Right and Left Coronary

24
Q

Right Coronary

A

Marginal and posterior interventricular branches
Anastomoses with circumflex
60% supplies SA node, supplies AV node

25
Left Coronary
Circumflex and anterior interventricular branches | 40% supplies SA node
26
Venous Drainage
Coronary Sinus Great Cardiac Vein Middle Cardiac Vein Small Cardiac Vein
27
Conducting System
Cardiac muscle cells and conducting fibers specialized for initiating and conducting impulses
28
Sinoatrial Node
Pacemaker Initiates impulse for contraction (70 - 80 bpm) Located at junction of SVC and right atrium
29
Atrioventricular Node
If required, 40-60 bpm Located posteroinferior region of interatrial septum near coronary sinus Collects impulses from atria and distributes to ventricles
30
Atrioventrivular Bundle
If required, 20-40 bpm Located within IV septum to ventricular myocardium Divides into right and left bundle branches
31
Innervation of heart
Cardiac Plexus Symp = chain T1-T4 and use chain to synapse Para = vagus
32
Heart Valves
Located in an oblique line from left 3rd costal cartilage to the right 6th costal cartilage
33
Auscultatory Areas
Areas on the surface of the chest wall where you listen to blood flow through the valves and chambers of the heart
34
Normal heart sounds are a result of...
blood turbulence upon closure of the heart valves
35
Aortic Semilunar Valve - Aus
Right 2nd intercostal space
36
Pulmonary Semilunar Valve - Aus
Left 2nd intercostal space
37
Tricuspid Valve - Aus
Lower left body of sternum
38
Mitral Valve - Aus
Left 5th intercostal space

Anatomy Written 3 (9 decks)

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