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Anatomy Written 3 > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

1
Q

Pericardium

A

Double walled fibroserous sac which encloses the heart and the roots of the great vessels

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2
Q

Pericardium attached to…

A

Sternum via the sternopericardial ligaments

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3
Q

Fibrous Pericardium

A

Anchor, tough and inelastic
Fused to central tendon of diaphragm
Protects against overfilling

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4
Q

Serous Pericardium

A

Parietal
Visceral
Pericardial Cavity

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5
Q

Serous Pericardium - Parietal

A

Fused to internal surface of the fibrous pericardium

Can’t separate parietal from fibrous

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6
Q

Serous Pericardium - Visceral

A

Epicardium - shiny layer on top

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7
Q

Serous Pericardium - Parietal Cavity

A

Sinuses

  • Oblique = space btw visceral and parietal
  • Transverse = significant with bipass - outflow
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8
Q

Heart Base

A

Left Atrium

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9
Q

Heart Apex

A

Left Ventricle

Left 5th intercostal space

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10
Q

Surfaces

A

Planar
Anterior
Inferior
Left

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11
Q

Anterior Surface

A

Sternocostal = right ventricle

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12
Q

Inferior Surface

A

Diaphragmatic = both ventricles, primarily left

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13
Q

Left Surface

A

Pulmonary = left ventricle, occupies cardiac notch

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14
Q

Borders - Right

A

Right Atrium

Right 3rd costal cartilage to right 6th costal cartilage

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15
Q

Borders - Inferior

A

Right ventricle and apex of left ventricle

Right 6th costal cartilage to left 5th intercostal space

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16
Q

Borders - Left

A

Left ventricle and left auricle

Left 5th intercostal space to left 2nd costal cartilage

17
Q

Borders - Superior

A

Right and left auricles, conus arteriosis

Left 2nd costal cartilage to right 3rd costal cartilage

18
Q

Cardiac Grooves and Sulci

A

Coronary Sulcus (atrioventricular)
Anterior Interventricular Groove
Posterior Interventricular Groove

19
Q

Cardiac Skeleton

A

Fibrocartilagenous tissue
Divides atria from ventricles
Provides barrier btw atria and ventricles for conductive system
Provides attachment for heart valves and myocardium

20
Q

Tendon of Conus Arteriosis

A

Outlfow for RV

Aortic to pulmonary semilunar velves

21
Q

Left Fibrous Trigone

A

Mitral valve to aortic semilunar valves

22
Q

Right Fibrous Trigone

A

Atrioventricular valves to aortic semilunar valves

23
Q

Arterial Supply

A

Right and Left Coronary

24
Q

Right Coronary

A

Marginal and posterior interventricular branches
Anastomoses with circumflex
60% supplies SA node, supplies AV node

25
Q

Left Coronary

A

Circumflex and anterior interventricular branches

40% supplies SA node

26
Q

Venous Drainage

A

Coronary Sinus
Great Cardiac Vein
Middle Cardiac Vein
Small Cardiac Vein

27
Q

Conducting System

A

Cardiac muscle cells and conducting fibers specialized for initiating and conducting impulses

28
Q

Sinoatrial Node

A

Pacemaker
Initiates impulse for contraction (70 - 80 bpm)
Located at junction of SVC and right atrium

29
Q

Atrioventricular Node

A

If required, 40-60 bpm
Located posteroinferior region of interatrial septum near coronary sinus
Collects impulses from atria and distributes to ventricles

30
Q

Atrioventrivular Bundle

A

If required, 20-40 bpm
Located within IV septum to ventricular myocardium
Divides into right and left bundle branches

31
Q

Innervation of heart

A

Cardiac Plexus
Symp = chain T1-T4 and use chain to synapse
Para = vagus

32
Q

Heart Valves

A

Located in an oblique line from left 3rd costal cartilage to the right 6th costal cartilage

33
Q

Auscultatory Areas

A

Areas on the surface of the chest wall where you listen to blood flow through the valves and chambers of the heart

34
Q

Normal heart sounds are a result of…

A

blood turbulence upon closure of the heart valves

35
Q

Aortic Semilunar Valve - Aus

A

Right 2nd intercostal space

36
Q

Pulmonary Semilunar Valve - Aus

A

Left 2nd intercostal space

37
Q

Tricuspid Valve - Aus

A

Lower left body of sternum

38
Q

Mitral Valve - Aus

A

Left 5th intercostal space

Anatomy Written 3 (9 decks)

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