Abdominal Cavity 2

Question 1

Diaphragm

Answer 1

Dome shaped muscle separating thoracic and abdominal cavities

Question 2

Action of diaphragm

Answer 2

Contraction lowers/expands thoracic cavity during inspiration

Question 3

Structures of Diaphragm

Answer 3

Central Tendon
Right and Left Crura
Medial and Lateral Arcuate Ligaments
Sternal, Costal, and Lumbar sections

Question 4

Apertures of diaphragm

Answer 4

Vena Caval (T8)
Esophageal (T10)
Aortic Hiatus (T12)

Question 5

Arterial Supply

Answer 5

Superior Phrenic (descending aorta)
Musculophrenis (internal thoracic)
Pericardiacophrenic (internal thoracic)
Inferior phrenic (abdominal aorta)

Question 6

Venous Drainage

Answer 6

Phrenic (to internal thoracic)
Musculophranic (to internal thoracic)
Inferior phrenic (right to IVC and left to renal)

Question 7

Innervation of Diaphragm

Answer 7

Phrenic (efferent and afferent)

Intercostal (T5-T11) and subcostal (T12)

Question 8

How does diaphragm play role in referred pain from gallbladder

Answer 8

Gallbladder impinges on phrenic

- C3, 4, 5, so will lead to pain in diaphragm and other areas as well

Question 9

Function of kidneys

Answer 9

Filtration, urine production

Question 10

Arterial Supply of Kidneys

Answer 10

Renal artery from abdominal aorta

Question 11

Venous drainage of kidneys

Answer 11

Renal vein to IVC
Right - shorter
Left - almost twice as long because has to go over to drain into IVC

Question 12

Structures of the kidneys

Answer 12

Renal Hilum - Entry/Exit for renal vessels and ureters

Question 13

Suprarenal Glands (adrenal) - Function

Answer 13

Endocrine system

Important in sympathetic NS

Question 14

Arterial Supply of Adrenal Glands

Answer 14

Via suprarenal arteries

Question 15

Arteries of posterior abdominal wall

Answer 15

Most directly from abdominal aorta

1. Inferior phrenic
2. Celiac trunk
3. Superior mesenteric
4. Suprarenal
5. Renal
6. Gonadal
7. Inferior Mesenteric - lumbar artery

Question 16

Veins of posterior abdominal wall

Answer 16

Inferior Vena Cava
Right Gonadal Vein (left goes to left renal)
Right and left renal veins
Lumbar veins

Question 17

Quadratus Lumborum Origin

Answer 17

Iliac Crest

Question 18

Quadratus Lumborum Insertion

Answer 18

Transversus process of lumbar vert (L1-L4 and rib 12)

Question 19

Quadratus Lumborum Innervation

Answer 19

Subcostal nerve T12 and lumbar plexus

Question 20

Quadratus Lumborum Action

Answer 20

Bilaterally - extends vertebral column, stabilizes hip and spine, accessory in expiration (holds rib 12 steady)
Unilaterally - laterally flexes vertebral column (straddle to right - working right QL)

Question 21

Iliospsoas Origin

Answer 21

Iliacus part of iliac fossa - psoas part from transverse processes and vertebral bodies/discs (T12-L5)

Question 22

Iliopsoas Insertion

Answer 22

Lesser trochanter of femur

Question 23

Iliopsoas Innervation

Answer 23

Lumbar plexus and femoral nerve (L2-L4)

Question 24

Iliopsoas Action

Answer 24

Flexion of thigh/hip
Unilaterally - laterally flex trunk
Bilaterally - laterally flex trunk when lying down (dracula)

Question 25

Tight psoas

Answer 25

Anterior pelvic tilt and hyperlordosis –> back problems

Thomas test

Question 26

Lumbar plexus

Answer 26

Somatic efferents and afferents

Ventral rami of L1 - L4