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Anatomy Written 3 > Development of the Heart > Flashcards

Development of the Heart Flashcards

1
Q

When does the cardiovascular system develop

A

It is the first system to functionally develop
Happens btw 1st and 8th week
Mainly develops during middle of 3rd week

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2
Q

When does blood start to circulate

A

Beginning of the 4th week

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3
Q

How does the heart get to ventral surface of embryo

A

Head fold

Brings heart and pericardial cavity ventral to foregut

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4
Q

When does heart begin to beat

A

22-23 days

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5
Q

Truncus Arteriosus

A

Outflow of developing heart

Continuous with aortic sac

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6
Q

Bulbus Cordis

A

Outflow of developing heart

Proximal to truncus arteriosus

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7
Q

Sinus Venosus

A

Receives veonous blood flow from chorion, yoik sac, and embryo
Will develop right and left horns

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8
Q

Bulboventricular Loop

A

Bulbus cordis and primitive ventricle develop faster than other regions so the heart bends upon itself
Bends down and to the right
Sets up inflow and outflow

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9
Q

Inflow

A

Posterior - Back

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10
Q

Outflow

A

Anterior - Front

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11
Q

Blood Flow through Primordial Heart - Caudally to Cranially

A
  1. Sinus Venosus
  2. Primordial Atria
  3. Atrioventricular Canal
  4. Primordial Ventricle
  5. Bulbus Cordis
  6. Truncus Arteriosus
  7. Aortic Sac
  8. Aortic Arches
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12
Q

Partitioning of heart…when?

A

Begins middle of 4th week and is done by end of 5th

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13
Q

Development of semilunar valves

A

develop from three swellings of subendocardial tissue

position of the cusps after rotation is normal anatomical way of naming

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14
Q

Pulmonary Semilunar Valves

A

Right, Left and Anterior Cusps

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15
Q

Aortic Semilunar Valve

A

Right, Left and Posterior Cusps

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16
Q

Development of AV Valves

A

Proliferation of endocardial cushions around AV canals

17
Q

Goal of Septum Primum

A

Close the foramen primum

Grows inferiorly to atrioventricular juntion

18
Q

Goals of Septum Secundum

A

Overlap the foramen secundum

Overlapping forms flap like valve - foramen ovale

19
Q

Formation of Right Atrium

A

Sinus Venosus develops left and right lateral horns
Right - becoems sinus venarum (smooth part of RA)
Left - becomes coronary sinus

20
Q

Crista Terminalis

A

Junction between the right horn of sinus venosus (smooth) and the right side of primitive atrium (pectiante muscle)

21
Q

Formation of Left Atrium

A

All smooth - more and more blood coming in, pulmonary vein gets bigger and is incorporated into LA
Smooth because of original pulmonary vein - used to be a blood vessel
Primitive gets pushed anteriorly and becomes the auricle (only rough place with pectinate)

22
Q

Total Anomalous Pulmonary Vein

A

Congenital Defect
Primordial pulmonary vein gets incorporated into right side of developing interatrial septum therefore draining into right atrium instead of the left

23
Q

Muscular Portion of IV Septum

A 
Grows up (cranially) to meet the membranous portion
Divides the primitive ventricle into right and left side
24
Q

Membranous Portion of IV Septum

A

Derived from tissue off the right side of endocardial cushion and aorticopulmonary septum

25
Q

Membranous and muscular portions of IV form…

A

Permanent partition btw left and right ventricles

26
Q

The twist is directed by…

A

blood flow!

27
Q

Aorticopulmonary Septum

A

When the two vessels close you get the aorta and pulmonary trunk from the aorticopulmonary septum

28
Q

Enodcardial Cushions

A

Presence is required to form the AV valves - seal the formation of the two outflow tracts

29
Q

Fetal Circulation - 2 bipasses

A
  1. right to left shunt - foramen ovale - foramen is closed when lungs get utilized
  2. Ductus arteriosus - btw pulmonary trunk and aorta
30
Q

Atrial Septal Defect

A

Issue with the 2 septums and 2 holes

31
Q

ASD - Propaton

A

There is overlap but no fusion

Not clinical - fusion is high enough to keep it closed

32
Q

Primum Type ASD

A

Septum primum didn’t go all the down

33
Q

Secundum Type ASD

A

Not enough overlap btw secundum foramen and septum

34
Q

Ventricular Septal Defect

A

Membranous part where 3 things were supposed to meet in same plane at same time…
Oxygen not getting to body - blue baby

35
Q

Persistent Truncus Arteriosus

A

Septum gets pushed away from midline so never meet up and cushions have nothing to seal

36
Q

Transposition of Great Vessels

A

Aorta sitting over RV and pulmonary trunk sitting over LV

Didnt get 180 twist

37
Q

Unequal division of truncus arteriosus

A

Pulmonary Septum

Aorticopulmonary septum is sent off to pulmonary side and tunk gets smaller than the aorta –> Tetralogy

38
Q

Tetralogy

A

Guaranteed VSD, pulmonary stenosis, and smaller pulmonary artery so aorta compensates and gets huge –> overriding aorta siting over the septal defect

Anatomy Written 3 (9 decks)

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