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Anatomy Written 3 > Lungs > Flashcards

Lungs Flashcards

1
Q

Trachea

A

Begins at C6
C shaped cartilages, open posteriorly
Ends at sternal angle and then branches at T4/T5 level

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2
Q

Right Primary Bronchus

A

Wider, shorter, more vertical
2.5cm long
Azygos vein branches over it

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3
Q

Left Primary Bronchus

A

Passes inferolaterally, inferior to the aortic arch, anterior to the esophagus and descending aorta
5cm long

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4
Q

Carina

A

Heavily innervated
Also a lot of lymph nodes here
A keel like ridge located btw the orifices of primary bronchi internally

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5
Q

Right Lung - Lobes and Fissures

A

Upper, Middle, Lower lobes

Oblique and Horizontal Fissures

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6
Q

Left Lung - Lobes and Fissures

A

Upper and Lower lobes
Oblique FIssure
Lingula = Projection of upper lobe

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7
Q

Surfaces

A

Cervical (apex)
Costal (ribs)
Mediastinal
Diaphragmatic (base)

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8
Q

Borders

A

Anterior
Posterior (rounded - sits with vertebrae)
Inferior (rim around diaphragmatic surface)

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9
Q

Root of the lung structures

A 
Pulmonary arteries and veins
Bronchus
Bonchial arteries and veins
Nerves
Lymphatics
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10
Q

Pulmonary Ligament

A

Forms by the reflection of parietal pleura as it becomes visceral pleura

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11
Q

Hilum of the lung

A

A depression or pt at the part of the organ where the vessels and nerves enter

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12
Q

Respiratory Tree

A 
Primary Bronchus
Secondary Bronchus
Segmental Bronchi 
Terminal Bronchioles
Respiratory Bronchioles
Alveolar Ducts
Alveolar Sacs
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13
Q

Bronchopulmonary Segments

A

Surgical unit of lung
Pyramidal in shape, base = peripheral, apex = hilum
Separated by avascular septa
Has own artery, bronchus, and vein which allows for walling off to not harm the entire lung

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14
Q

Pleura

A

Double layered serous membrane with capillary layer of serous fluid
Reduces friction btw pariteal layers

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15
Q

Visceral Pleura

A

Inner layer of membrane
Remains closely attached to the lung and moves with it
Cannot be separated

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16
Q

Innervation of Visceral Pleura

A

Subconscious, visceral, autonomic

17
Q

Parietal pleura

A

Outer layer of membrane
Stays attached to internal surface of the thoracic wall by endothoracic fascia
Named as it related to surface it is in contact with

18
Q

Parietal Pleura Innervation

A

Somatic conscious innervation from thoracic wall - intercostal nerves

19
Q

Cervical Surface

A

Suface emerging through thoracic inlet

20
Q

Costal Surface

A

Surface in contact with the ribs

21
Q

Mediastinal Surface

A

Surface in contact with mediastinal structures

22
Q

Diaphragmatic Surface

A

Surface in contact with the domes of the diaphragm

23
Q

Pleural Cavity

A

Space btw the two pleural membranes

24
Q

Pleural reflections

A

A specific pleural surface becomes another pleural surface

These reflections form recesses that are potential spaces within pleural cavity that can be filled with fluid

25
Q

Recesses

A

Costodiaphragmatic Recess

Costomediastinal Recess

26
Q

Nerve Supply to Lungs

A

Parietal Plexus

Anterior and posterior plexi - related to carina

27
Q

Lung Innervation - Symp

A

Vasoconstriction and bronchodilators

28
Q

Lung Innervation - Para

A

Vasodilators and bronchoconstrictors
Secretomotor and afferents
Cough reflex (located around carina)
Respiratory control (stretch receptors in bronchial tree)
Touch and pain located in respiratory epithelium

29
Q

Nerve Suppl to Parietal Pleura - Specifically

A

Costal and Cervical PLeura = local intercostal nerves
Mediastinal pleura = phrenic nerve
Diaphragmatic pleura = central part (phrenic) peripheral part (local intercostal nerves)

30
Q

Nerve Supply to Visceral PLeura - Specifically

A

Insensitive to pain and pressure

31
Q

Superficial Lymphatic Plexus

A

Lies deep to visceral pleura
Draining lung and visceral pleura
Vessels drain into superior and inferior tracheobronchial lymph nodes

32
Q

Deep Lymphatic Plexus

A

NONE in alveoli
Pulmonary lymph nodes - along large branches of main bronchi
Bronchopulmonary lymph nodes
Superior and Inferior tracheobronchial lymph nodes
Bronchomediastinal lymph trunks
Left side = thoracic duct
Right side = right lymphatic duct

Anatomy Written 3 (9 decks)

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