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Anatomy Written 3 > Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

Superior Boundary

A

R and L costal margins

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2
Q

Inferior Boundary

A

Line connecting ASIS to pubic symphysis

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3
Q

Lateral Boundary

A

Vertical line through ASIS

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4
Q

Umbilicus

A

Lies at level of L3 and L4 vertebrae

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5
Q

Linea Alba

A

Site where aponeruosis of three flat abdominal muscles interact

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6
Q

Vasalva Maneuver

A

Coordinated increase of abdominal pressure, partially due to contraction of wall

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7
Q

Linea Semilunaris

A

Lateral border of rectus abdominis

9th costal cartilage to pubic tubercle

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8
Q

Quadrant Pattern

A

Median and Transumbilical Plane at L3/L4 level
R Upper and Lower
L Upper and Lower

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9
Q

9 Region Pattern

A

Horizontal Subcostal (L3) and Transtubercular Plane (L5) Vertical right and left midclavicular lines
R and L Hypochondrium (epigastric in middle)
R and L Lumbar (umbilical in middle)
R and L Iliac (hypogastric in middle)

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10
Q

Superficial Fascial Layers

A

Campers Fascia = more superficial - fat

Scarpas Fascia = Membranous portion

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11
Q

Campers Fascia

A

Contains superficial epigastric A and V

Continuous with superficial fascia of lower limb and labia majora

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12
Q

Scarpas Fascia

A

Fuses medially with linea alba and with fascia lata below inguinal ligament
Continuous with superficial fascia of perineum, dartos fascia of scrotum, and superficial penile fascia

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13
Q

Innervation - ventral rami of…

A

T7 to T11 = intercostal nerves (thoracoabdominal nerves)
T12 = subcostal
L1 = ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric

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14
Q

Nerves run between

A

Transversus abdominis and internal oblique

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15
Q

Dermatomes

A

T7 to L1 again

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16
Q

Herpes Zoster

A

Shingles - often follows dermatomes on anterior-lateral thoracic and/or abdominal walls

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17
Q

All nerves provide ___ branches

A

Lateral cutaneous and anterior cutaneous branches

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18
Q

Arterial Supply - Superior anterior wall

A

Internal thoracic Branches

Posterior/Thoracic Aorta Branches

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19
Q

Arterial Supply - Inferior anterior wall

A

External Iliac Branches

Femoral Artery Branches

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20
Q

Superior anterior wall

A 
Internal Thoracic
- Superior Epigastric
- Musculophrenic 
Thoracic Aorta
- Posterior intercostal and subcostal arteries
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21
Q

Inferior anterior wall

A 
Femoral Artery
- Superficial circumflex iliac 
- Superfcial Epigastric
External Iliac
- Deep circumflex iliac
- Inferior Epigastric
22
Q

Venous drainage…

A

Follows arteries

23
Q

Venous Drainage of Superior Wall

A

Posterior intercostal veins and subcostal drain into azygos system
Superior epigastric and musculophrenic drain into internal thoracic vein

24
Q

Venous Drainage of Inferior Wall

A

Inferior epigastric and deep circumplex drain to external iliac
Superficial epigastric and superficial circumflex drain into great saphenous and then to femoral vein

25
Q

Muscular Basket

A

Muscle and collagen fibers within and btw abdominal area

Distensible but rigid

26
Q

Benefits to muscular basket

Benefits to corset training

A

Function in protection, posture
Protect organs
Skinny - acts like external gastric bypass
Helps with posture

27
Q

Risks

A

Abdominal muscles will atrophy because the corset is doing the work for them

28
Q

Abdominal Guarding

A

Patients with internal abdominal problems often present with abdominal guarding - tense and twitchy muscles

29
Q

External Abdominal Oblique - O

A

Ribs 5 to 12

30
Q

External Abdominal Oblique - I

A

Linea alba, pubic tubercle, and iliac crest

Hands in pockets

31
Q

External Abdominal Oblique - Innervation

A

Ventral Rami of T7-T12

32
Q

External Abdominal Oblique - Action

A

Compress and support abdominal viscera
Laterally flex to the same side
Rotate to the opposite side

33
Q

Internal Abdominal Oblique - O

A

Thoracolumbar Fascia

Iliac Crest

34
Q

Internal Abdominal Oblique - I

A

Rubs 10-12
Linea alba
Pecten Pubis via conjoint tendon (aponeurosis of transvers abdominis and internal oblique)

35
Q

Internal Abdominal Oblique - Innervation

A

Central Rami of T7-T12

36
Q

Internal Abdominal Oblique Action

A

Compress and support abdominal viscera
Laterally flex to same side
Rotate to same side

37
Q

Transversus Abdominis Origin

A

Costal cartilages of ribs 7-12
Thoracolumbar fascia
Iliac Crest

38
Q

Transversus Abdominis Insertion

A

Linea Alba
Pubic Crest
Pecten pubis via conjoint tendon

39
Q

Transversus Abdominis Innervation

A

L1 - ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric

40
Q

Transverus Abdominis Action

A

Compress and support abdominal viscera

41
Q

Rectus Abdominis Origin

A

Pubic symphysis and pubic crest

42
Q

Rectus Abdominis Inerstion

A

Xiphoid process and costal cartilages of ribs 5-7

43
Q

Rectus Abdominis Innervation

A

Ventral Rami of T7-T12

44
Q

Rectus Abdominis Action

A

Compres and suport abdominal viscera

Flexion of trunk

45
Q

Rotate to left you are using…

A

Left internal obluqie

Right external oblique

46
Q

Rectus Sheath

A

Aponeurosis of the three flat abdomnal muscles (EO, IO, TA)

Completely encloses the rectus abdominis muscle above the arcuate line

47
Q

Arcuate Line

A

Located midway between the umblicus and pubic crest
Inferior to arcuate line, all aponeurotic fibers run anterior to rectus abdominis
So rectus sheath is absent here

48
Q

Conjoint Tendon

A

Internal Oblique and Transversus abdominis tendons

At point ant to rectus abdominis muscle

49
Q

Patient with swelling in epigastric region - What is it?

A 
Epigastric Hernia (or ventral)
Coming through linea alba
50
Q

Diastasis Recti

A

Separation of rectus abdominis at linea alba
Occasionally occurs in older patients and those with weakened abdominal muscles
Normal in pregnant women - muscles move with pregnancy
Bulge when raise head - vasalva
Avoid crunches!!! - just stand there and squeeze abdominal muscles

Anatomy Written 3 (9 decks)

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