Thoracic Wall Flashcards
what level is the sternal angle?
2nd intercostal space
what level is the nipple?
4th intercostal space
what level is typically the PMI?
5th intercostal space
what markings are key for chest tube insertion?
midaxillary line
nipple line (4th intercostal space)
what are two major vessels that supply the breasts?
internal thoracic–> medial mammary
lateral thoracic–> lateral mammary
what is the most common site of breast cancer metastases?
axillary lymph nodes
what is the MC quadrant of breast cancer?
superiolateral quadrant
these are ribs 1-7 that attach with their own cartilage
true ribs
these are ribs 8-10 that share cartilage (indirect attachment)
false ribs
these are ribs 11 and 12 that have no articulation
floating ribs
what are the 2 facets of the costovertebral joints?
superior and inferior costal facets
what facet articulates with the tubercle of the rib?
transverse costal facet
list the level of the esophageal hiatus and what passes through
level- T10
esophagus, vagus nerve, arteries
list the level of the vena caval foramen and what passes through
level- T8
IVC and R phrenic nerve
list the level of the aortic hiatus and what passes through
level- T12
aorta, azygous vein, thoracic duct
what are the three major venous drainage vessels for the thoracic cavity?
azygous, hemiazygous, accessory
list origin and insertion of the pectoralis major
O- sternum and clavicle
I- proximal humeral shaft
what is the action of the pectoralis major?
flexion, adduction and medial rotation of humerus
what is the origin and insertion of the pectoralis minor?
O- ribs
I- scapula
what is the action of the pectoralis minor?
scapular stabilization
list the origin and insertion of the serratus anterior
O- upper 9 ribs
I- vertebral border of scapula
