Skin

Question 1

this is the largest organ of the body

Answer 1

skin

Question 2

the functions of this organ are protection, absorption, containment, heat regulation, and synthesis and storage of vitamin D

Answer 2

skin

Question 3

this is the most superficial layer of skin

Answer 3

epidermis

Question 4

these cells produce melanin and are in the epidermis

Answer 4

melanocytes

Question 5

these cells produce keratin and are located in the epidermis

Answer 5

keratinocytes

Question 6

papillary ridges

Answer 6

fingerprints

Question 7

is there blood flow or capillaries in the epidermis?

Answer 7

No

Question 8

this is the middle layer of skin

Answer 8

dermis

Question 9

this layer of skin contains hair follicles, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, arrector pili muscles, nails, and capillaries

Answer 9

dermis

Question 10

these sweat glands are involved in heat regulation and are located in the palms, forehead, and neck

Answer 10

eccrine glands

Question 11

these sweat glands start to release after puberty and are located in the groin and armpits

Answer 11

apocrine glands

Question 12

these types of receptors respond to mechanical stimuli such as stroking, stretching, or vibration of skin

Answer 12

mechanoreceptors

Question 13

these types of receptors respond to cold or hot temperatures

Answer 13

thermoreceptors

Question 14

these types of receptors respond to certain types of chemicals either applied externally or released within the skin

Answer 14

chemoreceptors

Question 15

these receptors are involved in the experience of pain and fire specifically to potentially tissue-damaging stimuli

Answer 15

nociceptors

Question 16

this type of mechanoreceptor responds to pressure and lower frequency vibration in a rapid manner

Answer 16

meissner’s corpuscles

Question 17

this type of mechanoreceptor detects transient pressure and higher frequency vibrations in a rapid manner

Answer 17

pacinian corpuscles

Question 18

this type of mechanoreceptor responds to light pressure in a slower manner

Answer 18

merkel’s disks

Question 19

this type of mechanoreceptor detects stretch in a slower manner

Answer 19

ruffini corpuscles

Question 20

is sensory information afferent or efferent

Answer 20

afferent

Question 21

is motor information afferent or efferent

Answer 21

efferent

Question 22

this refers to a specific segment of skin supplied by a single spinal nerve

Answer 22

dermatomes

Question 23

this dermatome is the level of the nipples

Answer 23

T4

Question 24

this dermatome is the level of the umbilicus

Answer 24

T10

Question 25

this dermatome is the front portion of the calf and includes 4 of the toes

Answer 25

L5

Question 26

these dermatomes include the perineum

Answer 26

S2,3,4

Question 27

this is the deepest layer of the skin

Answer 27

hypodermis

Question 28

this layer of the skin includes adipose tissue, and has blood and lymph vessels

Answer 28

hypodermis/ subcutaneous tissue

Question 29

this layer of the skin attaches the dermis to muscles and bones

Answer 29

hypodermis/ subcutaneous tissue

Question 30

this structure is below the skin and connects the skin with the deep fascia

Answer 30

superficial fascia

Question 31

these are white cords, fibrous tissue made of collagen

Answer 31

tendons

Question 32

flat or ribbon shaped tendons

Answer 32

aponeuroses

Question 33

these indicate suture direction

Answer 33

Langer's lines/ tension lines

Question 34

this term refers to how well skin comes together with sutures

Answer 34

approximate

Question 35

this layer of the skin is the most important to approximate

Answer 35

dermis

Question 36

why is the dermis the most important skin layer to approximate?

Answer 36

it contains the blood supply necessary for healing

Question 37

the zone of cells that will recover from injury

Answer 37

zone of hyperemia

Question 38

the zone of cell injury that can either recover or transform into the zone of coagulation

Answer 38

zone of stasis

Question 39

the zone of cell death

Answer 39

zone of coagulation

Question 40

true or false- a greater than 20% total body surface area (TBSA) of a second degree requires fluid resuscitation

Answer 40

true

Question 41

this type of burn has no dermal involvement, is pink and painful, and is edematous (swollen)

Answer 41

superficial burn (previously first degree)

Question 42

this type of burn heals in about 3-5 days without scarring and may be caused by flame, sun, or a flash from an explosion

Answer 42

superficial burn (previously first degree burn)

Question 43

this type of burn is in the epidermis and papillary region of the dermis. It's associated with bullae, serous fluid, edema, and is painful and cherry red moist appearing.

Answer 43

superficial partial thickness (previously superficial second degree burn)

Question 44

this type of burn heals in 7-28 days with minimal scarring and may be caused by flame, flash, scald, or contact

Answer 44

superficial partial thickness (previously superficial second degree)

Question 45

this type of burn involves the epidermis and reticular region of the dermis. It is associated with pain, bullae, serous fluid, edema, and is pale ivory moist appearing

Answer 45

deep partial thickness (previously deep second degree)

Question 46

this type of burn heals in 7-28 days with variable scarring and may be caused by flame, flash, scald, or contact

Answer 46

deep partial thickness (previously deep second degree)

Question 47

this type of burn extends into subcutaneous tissue, may appear white, yellow, brown, or black, is associated with loss of elasticity, edema, thrombosed vessels, escharotomy, and is painless

Answer 47

full thickness burn (previously third degree)

Question 48

this type of burn requires grafting

Answer 48

full thickness (previously 3rd degree)

Question 49

this type of burn may take 2-3 days to show true depth, and may be caused by flame, electricity, chemicals, and is associated with prolonged exposure

Answer 49

full thickness (previously third degree)

Question 50

this type of burn extends to the muscle and is associated with loss of function, amputation, escharotomy and fasciotomy, and may appear black

Answer 50

fourth degree burn

Question 51

this type of burn may be caused by prolonged exposure to flame, chemicals, and high voltage

Answer 51

fourth degree burn

Question 52

this is how to calculate surface area of burns

Answer 52

rule of nine's

Question 53

this is a guideline/ formula for fluid resuscitation for burn victims

Answer 53

parkland formula

Question 54

V= 4 x Kg x % burned (rule of nine's)

Answer 54

parkland formula: volume of fluid