THORACIC WALL Flashcards
Superior part of the trunk between the neck and the abdomen
Thoracic cavity
What is the thoracic cavity formed by?
12 ribs, 12 vertebrae, sternum, costal cartilage
muscle attachments in thoracic cavity
Support the shoulder girdle
Manubrium facets
Clavicular and costal
Stefan jugular notch
T3-t4
Junction for the manubrium and body
Sternal angle
2nd rib attachment site
Sternal angle
Location of aortic arch (left recurrent laryngeal nerve wraps around aorta )
Sternal angle
Rib attachments
Posteriorly to vertebrae
Costotransverse ligament
Transverse process
Costovertebral ligament
Vertebral body
Ribs are __________ to the sternum via costal cartilage
Anteriorly
Right lung lobes
Superior, middle, inferior
Separate upper and middle lobe
Horizontal fissure
Separates lower and other lobes
Oblique fissure
Left lobe, oblique fissure separates
Superior and inferior
Lingula equivalent
Right
Lungs two membranes
Viscera and parietal pleura
Lines the lungs
Viscera
Lines the thoracic wall
Parietal
Space between pleura filled with serous fluid
to lubricate and reduce friction
Pleural cavity
Pneumothorax
Air
Hemothorax
Blood
Chylothorax
Lymph fluids
Primarily ribs 2-6
• Increase the anterior-posterior
diameter of the thoracic cavity
Pump handle
Lower 6 ribs
• Focuses on the middle (lateral)
portion of the ribs to increase the lateral diameter of the ribs
Bucket handle
Muscles of respiration - rib to rib
Intercostals
Primary muscle of inspiration
Diaphragm
Pectoralis major origin and insertion
O: clavicular head (medial half of clavicle)
Sternal head (superior 6 costal cartilages)
I: lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
Pectoralis major innervation
Lateral and medial pectoral nerves
Action of Pectoralis major
Adduct and medially rotate
Aid in inspiration
Pectoralis minor o and I
3-5 ribs near costal cartilages
I: medial border and superior surface of Coracoid proce
Pectoralis minor nerve
Medial pectoral nerves (c8, t1)
Action of Pectoralis minor
Stabilizes scapula and draws anteriorly and inferiorly
Sternocleidomastoid origin and insertion
O- Sternal head: manubrium
Clavicular head:medial 1/4 of clavicle
I: mastoid process cranium
Nerve sternocleidomastoid
Spinal accessory nerve (c11)
Action of sternocleidomastoid
Cervical flex ion and contralaterL rotation
Scalenes origin and insertion
O: transverse process
Insertion: 1st and 3nd ribs
Scalenes action
Elevate ribs and aid in inspiration
Scalene innervation
Ventral rami c3-c8
Intercostal orientation
• Anterior to posterior
External intercostal
Internal intercostal
Intercostal vein, artery, and nerve
Innermost intercostal Transversus thoracis or subcostal (depending on location in thoracic cavity)
Superior to Inferior (VAN)
• Intercostal Vein
• Intercostal Artery
• Intercostal Nerve
Intercostal arteries come
from
Aorta
From Descending Aorta:
Pass
anteriorly and anastomoses
with the internal thoracic
Thoracic artery
The Subclavian artery comes
off the aortic arch and
supplies the internal thoracic
artery.
