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Bones Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Takes up 14% of body weight (206 bones)

A

Bones

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2
Q

upper and lower extremities, the pectoral girdle, the pelvic girdle
206 bones

A

Appendicular skeleton

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3
Q

The rest of the bones

A

Axial

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4
Q

True, false, floating

A

Ribs

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5
Q

Body and end plate

A

Osteologic feature

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6
Q

Different types of processes

A

Spine, transverse, and superior/inferior

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7
Q

Different types of foramina

A

Vertebral, inter verbal, and transverse

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8
Q

Different types of vertebrae

A

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyx

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9
Q

How many cervical vertebrae

A

7n

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10
Q

How many thoracic vertebrae

A

12

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11
Q

How many lumbar vertebrae

A

5

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12
Q

How many sacral vertebrae

A

5

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13
Q

How many coccyx vertebrae

A

4, fused

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14
Q

Lordosis

A

Lumbar and cervical

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15
Q

Is lordosis concave or convex

A

2 convex anteriorly

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16
Q

Kyphosis

A

Sacral and thoracic

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17
Q

Kyphosis is concave or convex

A

Convex posteriorly

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18
Q

The 1st cervical vertebrae is called

A

Atlas

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19
Q

The second cervical vertebrae is

A

Axis

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20
Q

Movements cervical vertebrae

A

Flexion, extension, rotation

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21
Q

Common features of cervical vertebrae

A

Transverse foremen, unconvertebral joints, bifurcating spinous process, small body , flexion, extension, rotation, and side bending

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22
Q

Cervical vertebrae 7 has what ?

A

Large spinous process similar to the thoracic vertebra

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23
Q

Artery doesn’t pass through transverse foramen of ____ only

A

C7

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24
Q

In the thoracic vertebrae , what increases in size caudally?

A

Bodies

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25
In the thoracic vertebrae, the spinous processes are long, slender, directed _____ to overlap with the succeeding vertebra
Caudally
26
Descending the thoracic spine, the spinous processes become shorter and broader resembling the ___
Lumbar vertebrae
27
In the thoracic vertebrae, are there many movements allowed?
Yes, many movement directions
28
Two different movements in the thoracic vertebrae
Major and minor
29
What is the major movement in the thoracic vertebrae?
Lateral flexion (side bending) and rotation
30
What is the minor movement in the thoracic vertebrae?
Limited Flexion/Ext due to rib cage
31
The _____ articular facet articulates with the ______ articular facet
Inferior, superior
32
Inferior arIcular facet arIculates with Superior arIcular facet
Zygapophyseal joints
33
Zygapophyseal joints oriented in the _____ plane
Frontal
34
In the thoracic plane- orientation shifts from frontal plane to lateral plane as it approaches the ____ region
Lumbar
35
Attach to the superior/inferior costal facets of vertebral body and costal facet on the transverse process
Thoracic vertebrae as/ rib attachments
36
Mobilization for thoracic vertebrae
Posterior to anterior, upward and downward rotation
37
True ribs
1-7
38
Vertebrocostal ribs
True ribs
39
Attach directly to sternum
True ribs
40
False ribs
8-10
41
Vertebrochondral ribs
False ribs
42
Attach via cartilage to the cartilage of the rib above
False ribs
43
Ribs 11-12
Floating ribs
44
Vertebrae posteriorly with no anterior attachment
Floating ribs
45
Typical ribs
Head, neck, coastal tubercle, body shaft (costal angle and costal groove)
46
Atypical Ribs (1 st, 2nd, 10th, 11th 12th)
Atypical ribs
47
single head facet and scalene tubercle
1st atypical ribs
48
two head facets and tuberosity for serratus anterior
2nd atypical ribs
49
only one head facet and articulate with only one vertebra
10th-12th atypical ribs
50
no neck or tubercle
11th-12th atypical rib
51
Short and heavy pedicles
Lumbar
52
Spinous processes are also broad
Lumbar
53
Orientation of the facets are in the sagittal plane
Lumbar
54
Majority of motion is Flexion/Extension in
Lumbar
55
Wedge shape
Sacrum
56
The central column are fused sacral vertebral bodies
Sacrum
57
tailbone
4 fused vertebrae
58
The anterior surface is concave & posterior is convex
Coccyx
59
Short transverse processes for muscle attachment
Coccyx
60
Attachment of filum terminale
First coccyx
61
ONLY ligament to limit/resist Extension
Anterior Longitudinal Ligament
62
Strong broad band-like ligament covering the anterior and lateral aspects of the vertebral body.
Anterior Longitudinal Ligament
63
Attaches to the base of the cranium anterior to the foramen magnum down to the sacrum.
Cranium-Sacrum
64
Weak limiter of hyperflexion
Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
65
Thin band posterior to the spinal column within the vertebral canal.
Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
66
Attaches to intervertebral discs
Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
67
Resists lateral flexion
Intertransverse ligament
68
Connect adjacent transverse processes
Intertransverse ligament
69
Constant tension in neutral and flexed spines
Ligamentum Flavum
70
Elastic fibers maintain tension and create
intervertebral disc compression
71
↑ pressure = ↑ stiffness
support in neutral spine
72
Connected at the laminae
Ligamentum Flavum
73
Limits spinal flexion
Interspinous ligament
74
Connects adjacent spinous processes
Interspinous ligament
75
Interspinous ligament is
Weak and thin
76
Resists Flexion
Supraspinous ligament
77
Begins as Ligamentum Nuchae in the cervical region (C7 to external occipital protuberance)
Supraspinous ligament
78
Discs absorb shock
Intervertebral Discs
79
IV Disks unite
vertebrae
80
2 parts to each disc
Annulus fibrosus, and nucleus pulposus
81
Annulus Fibrosus
fibrocartilage
82
center composed of mucoid material interspersed with reticular and collagen fibers.
Nucleus Pulposus
83
Bulging fibrous ring of multiple fibrocartilage layers forming the perimeter of the disc.
Annulus Fibrosus
84
Primarily composed of water • Allows compression and reforms
Nucleus Pulposus
85
Nucleus Pulposus can protrude through the
annulus (bulging disc)

Anatomy (16 decks)

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