Thoracic spine interventions

Question 1

What type of spinal injury has a lower incidence rate than cervical spine injuries?

Answer 1

T-spine

Question 2

T-spine injuries have a higher incidence in (males/females)

Answer 2

females

Question 3

The T-spine has more (stability/mobility) than the cervical spine.

Answer 3

stability

Question 4

What provides stability to the t-spine?

Answer 4

• articulations with ribs and sternum
• lower IV discs height the IV body height
• very taut facet joints

Question 5

(true/false) most thoracic spine injuries are non-traumatic with insidious onset from overuse.

Answer 5

true

Question 6

What makes a thoracic spine injury more complex?

Answer 6

ribs and organs

Question 7

The ____ is implicated with dysfunctional breathing due to providing attachment sites for mm in the c-spine

Answer 7

1st rib

Question 8

The mid-thoracic region is susceptible to ___ and ____.

Answer 8

costochondritis and rib stress fractures

Question 9

The lower thoracic spine is more susceptible to ___ pathology.

Answer 9

IV disc pathology

Question 10

Symptoms of a t-spine injury normally resolve within ___.

Answer 10

1 year

Question 11

Relative rest duration for T-spine injury is ___-__ weeks.

Answer 11

3-6 weeks

Question 12

Intercostal muscle strain pain is normally isolated where?

Answer 12

The muscle belly between the ribs

Question 13

Symptoms of intercostal muscle strain often overlap with ____ injury.

Answer 13

rib injury

Question 14

What are the MOI for intercostal muscle strains?

Answer 14

• Heavy lifting
• athletic events involving the UE
• recent illness that causes coughing and vomiting

Question 15

(true/false) Intercostal muscle strain pain is not worse with movement.

Answer 15

False (it is)

Question 16

definition: stiffness of the costovertebral (CV) joints

Answer 16

Costovertebral arthralgia

Question 17

Pain associated with Costovertebral arthralgia/joint sprain is assoc with what?

Answer 17

• movement
• breathing
• coughing
• lying supine

Question 18

Where does Costovertebral arthralgia/joint sprain pain radiate?

Answer 18

It is normally local to the affected segment but can radiate to the length of the rib

Question 19

Where does Costovertebral arthralgia/joint sprain normally occur?

Answer 19

T4-T8 segments
Ribs 6-7

Question 20

What is the hallmark sign for Costovertebral arthralgia/joint sprain?

Answer 20

TTP of the CV joint with a rib spring test

Question 21

(hypomobility/hypermobility) is commonly linked to Costovertebral arthralgia/joint sprains along with possible ____ involvement.

Answer 21

hypomobility, CT joint

Question 22

Costovertebral arthralgia/joint sprain is often associated with poor neuromuscular control of the __ and __ regions.

Answer 22

scapulothoracic and lumbopelvic regions

Question 23

What are the MOIs for Costovertebral arthralgia/joint sprains?

Answer 23

• repetitive stress through the joint
• repetitive UE loading

Question 24

Symptoms of Costovertebral arthralgia/joint sprains often mimic ___.

Answer 24

rib stress fractures

Question 25

What is the progression of rehabilitation for Costovertebral arthralgia/joint sprains?

Answer 25

1. rest, modalities, medication 2. manual interventions 3. ther ex. 4. progression dependent on symptoms

Question 26

definition: inflammation of the cartilage that joins your ribs to your sternum

Answer 26

costochondritis/tietze's syndrome

Question 27

costochondritis/tietze's syndrome affects (males/females) more.

Answer 27

females

Question 28

Where is the pain of costochondritis/tietze's syndrome localized?

Answer 28

-anterior chest, lateral to the sternum at costochondral joints T2-T5

Question 29

How is pain from costochondritis/tietze's syndrome provoked?

Answer 29

- palpation of the costochondral joints - palpation of hypermobile structures - rib springing - arm movement (horiz. ADD is most common)

Question 30

What is the MOI for costochondritis/tietze's syndrome?

Answer 30

- contraction of adjacent musculature - repetitive arm motion - hypomobility of posterior spinal structures and ribs

Question 31

What are the treatment goals when treating costochondritis/tietze's syndrome?

Answer 31

1. address tightness of anterior chest musculature 2. promote EXT of the T-spine and ribs

Question 32

What interventions are used to treat costochondritis/tietze's syndrome?

Answer 32

- Manual interventions - ther ex.

Question 33

First rib injuries are thought to occur due to what?

Answer 33

Attachment of the scalenes, subclavius, and serratus anterior

Question 34

Ribs 4-8 injuries are thought to occur due to what?

Answer 34

serratus anterior and external obliques

Question 35

Who is more at risk for a rib stress fracture?

Answer 35

Females

Question 36

How is pain produced when there is a rib stress fracture present?

Answer 36

rib spring test, palpation, and breathing

Question 37

(true/false) stress Fx that are caused by technique often re-occur if technical modifications are not part of the rehabilitation program.

Answer 37

true (Ex: golf)

Question 38

Anterior disc pathology typically produces ___ pain.

Answer 38

visceral pain

Question 39

What part of the t-spine is more likely to have an IV disc pathology?

Answer 39

Lower thoracic segments

Question 40

definition: Abnormal curve >10 degrees occurs in the coronal or frontal plane in t-spine/l-spine individually or simultaneously

Answer 40

scoliosis

Question 41

What kind of scoliosis is more common?

Answer 41

idiopathic scoliosis (subdivided into early onset (before 10 y/o) and late onset

Question 42

Scoliosis is more common in (males/females).

Answer 42

females

Question 43

What are the 3 categories of scoliosis?

Answer 43

congenital, NM, idiopathic

Question 44

Cardiopulmonary function can be compromised if scoliosis curvature is > ___ degrees.

Answer 44

50 degrees

Question 45

Bracing is recommended for scoliosis if the curve is ___-___ degrees.

Answer 45

25-40

Question 46

A person is recommended for surgery once their scoliosis exceeds ___ degrees.

Answer 46

50 degrees

Question 47

When correcting curves of scoliosis, you should ___ the concave side and ___ the convex side.

Answer 47

length the concave side strengthen the convex side