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SIJ Flashcards

1
Q

The sacrohorizontal angle is ___ degrees.

A

40 degrees: the angle between the horizontal plane and superior surface of the sacrum at L5/S1

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2
Q

The base of the sacrum is naturally inclined (anteriorly/posteriorly) and (superiorly/inferiorly) when standing.

A

anteriorly, inferiorly

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3
Q

The sacrohorizontal angle provides ____ and ____ forces.

A

anterior shear and compression forces

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4
Q

The greater the lumbar lordosis, the (lesser/greater) the sacrohorizontal angle

A

greater

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5
Q

What is the largest axial joint in the body that transfers the load between the LEs and spine?

A

SIJ

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6
Q

The SIJ is designed for (stability/mobility)

A

stability

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7
Q

The SIJ has ___ degrees of freedom.

A

6 degrees

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8
Q

(true/false) no muscles are designated to move the SIJ in active motions.

A

true

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9
Q

Movement at the SIJ happens as a result of ___ and ___ acting on the trunk and LEs.

A

gravity
muscles

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10
Q

What stabilizes the joints of the SIJ?

A

pelvic floor muscles

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11
Q

How many degrees is SIJ FLX/EXT?

A

3 degrees

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12
Q

How many degrees is SIJ axial ROT

A

1.5 degrees

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13
Q

How many degrees is SIJ lateral bending?

A

0.8 degrees

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14
Q

SIJ motion is greater in (single/double)-leg stance

A

single-leg stance

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15
Q

Describe anterior torsion.

A

Innominate rotates anteriorly
ASIS moves inferiorly
PSIS moves superiorly
Inferior and posterior glide of ilium on the sacrum

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16
Q

When does anterior torsion occur?

A

unilaterally with EXT of the freely swinging leg

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17
Q

Describe posterior torsion.

A

Innominate rotates posteriorly
ASIS moves superiorly
PSIS moves inferiorly

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18
Q

When does posterior torsion occur?

A

unilaterally with hip FLX (OKC)–> superior/anterior glide of ilium on sacrum

Unilaterally with single leg stance –> superior/posterior glide of ilium on the sacrum

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19
Q

Describe inflares.

A

Innominate rotates inward on sacrum
ASIS moves medially
PSIS moves laterally

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20
Q

Describe outflares.

A

Innominate rotates outward on sacrum
ASIS moves laterally
PSIS moves medially

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21
Q

Describe up-slip.

A

Superior translation of innominate on sacrum

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22
Q

Describe down-slip.

A

Inferior translation of innominate on sacrum

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23
Q

Describe nutation.

A

Sacrum glides posterior inferior on innominate

Another way to describe this is:
Anterior sacral flexion on posterior iliac rotation (anterior sacral tilt)

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24
Q

Describe counter-nutation.

A

Sacrum glides anteriorsuperior on innominate

Another way to describe this is:
Posterior sacral extension on iliac rotation (Posterior sacral tilt)

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25
Q

What is the origin of the transversus abdominis?

A

internal surface of costal cartilages 7-12
thoracolumbar fascia
iliac crest
connective tissue deep to the lateral 1/3 on inguinal ligament

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26
Q

What is the insertion of the transversus abdominis?

A

linea alba
aponeurosis of internal oblique
pubic crest
pecten pubis

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27
Q

What is the INNV of the transversus abdominis?

A

thoracoabdominal nerves (T6-T12)
1st lumbar nerve

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28
Q

What are the origins of the erector spinae?

A

broad tendon
posterior sacrum
SI ligament
lumbar SPs
sacral SPs
supraspinous ligament

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29
Q

What is the insertion of the iliocostalis?

A

angles of lower ribs
cervical TPs

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30
Q

What is the insertion of the longissimus?

A

ribs between the tubercles and angles
cervical TPs

31
Q

What is the INNV of the erector spinae?

A

posterior rami of spinal nn.

32
Q

What is the origin of the gluteus maximus?

A

ilium posterior to the posterior gluteal line
dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx

33
Q

What is the insertion of the gluteus maximus?

A

IT band (lateral condyle of tibia)
Gluteal tuberosity

34
Q

What are the actions of the gluteus maximus?

A

Thigh EXT, ER
assists in sit to stand

35
Q

What is the INNV of the gluteus maximus?

A

Inferior Gluteal nerve (L5-S2)

36
Q

What is the origin of the gluteus medius?

A

External surface of the ilium between the anterior and posterior gluteal lines

37
Q

What is the insertion of the gluteus medius?

A

lateral surface of the greater trochanter

38
Q

What is the action of the gluteus medius?

A

Thigh ABD, IR
Keeps pelvis level during swing phase

39
Q

What is the INNV of the gluteus medius and minimus?

A

Superior Gluteal nerve (L4-S1)

40
Q

What is the origin of the long head of biceps femoris?

A

ischial tuberosity

41
Q

What is the origin for the short head of biceps femoris?

A

linea aspera
lateral supracondylar line of the femur

42
Q

What is the insertion of the biceps femoris?

A

lateral side of the head of the fibula

43
Q

What is the action of biceps femoris?

A

Knee FLX and ER
Thigh EXT
Hip ER

44
Q

What is the INNV of the long head of the biceps femoris?

A

Tibial division of the sciatic nerve (L5-S2)

45
Q

What is the INNV of the short head of the biceps femoris?

A

Common fibular division of the sciatic nerve (L5-S2)

46
Q

What is the origin of the iliacus?

A

superior 2/3 of the iliac fossa
iliac crest
sacral ala
anterior SI ligaments

47
Q

What is the insertion of the iliacus?

A

lesser trochanter and shaft inferior to it
Psoas Major tendon

48
Q

What does the iliacus do?

A

thigh FLX (OKC)
Pelvic Tilt (anteriorly)
stabilize hip joint while acting with psoas major

49
Q

What is the INNV of the iliacus?

A

Femoral Nerve (L2-L3)

50
Q

What is the origin AND insertion of the puborectalis?

A

Body of the pubis

51
Q

What is the action of the puborectalis?

A

Tenses the pelvic floor
helps close rectum
responsible for fecal incontinence

52
Q

What is the INNV of the puborectalis?

A

Nerve to Levator Ani (S4)

53
Q

What is the origin of the pubococcygeus?

A

pubic bone

54
Q

What is the insertion of the pubococcygeus?

A

coccyx and lower sacrum

55
Q

What is the INNV of the pubococcygeus?

A

Nerve to levator Ani (S4)

56
Q

What is the origin of the iliococcygeus?

A

obturator foramen

57
Q

What is the insertion of the iliococcygeus?

58
Q

What is the INNV of the iliococcygeus?

A

Nerve to Levator Ani (S4)

59
Q

What is the primary action of the erector spinae?

A

Bilateral back EXT
unilateral SB

60
Q

What effect does the erector spinae have on the SI joint?

A

Amplifies the SI joint motion

61
Q

What is the primary action of the multifidus?

A

Back EXT
SB
ROT

62
Q

What effect does the multifidus have on the SI joint?

A

imparts sacral FLX
Forces closure of the SI joint with the abdominals

63
Q

What effect does the gluteus maximus have on the SI joint?

A

Stabilization

64
Q

What is the primary action of the piriformis?

65
Q

What effect does the piriformis have on the SI joint?

A

May alter SI joint motion via the direct attachment to the ventral aspect of the sacrum

66
Q

What effect does the transverse abdominis have on the SI joint?

A

forces closure of the SI joint

67
Q

What effect does the iliacus have on the SI joint?

A

Synchronous tilting of the pelvis and sacrum anteriorly (CKC)

68
Q

What effect do the Levator Ani muscles have on the SI joint?

A

Imparts sacral EXT

69
Q

Anterior pelvic tilt (Flexes/extends) the lumbar spine

A

extends (increases lordosis)

70
Q

Anterior pelvic tilt shifts the nucleus pulposus (anteriorly/posteriorly) and reduces the diameter of the intervertebral foramen.

A

anteriorly

71
Q

Anterior Pelvic tilt (shortens/lengthens) the lumbar extensors and hip flexors

72
Q

Posterior pelvic tilt (flexes/extends) the lumbar spine.

A

flexes (reverses lordosis)

73
Q

Posterior pelvic tilt shifts the nucleus pulposus (anteriorly/posteriorly) which increases the diameter of the intervertebral foramen.

A

posteriorly

74
Q

Posterior Pelvic tilt (shortens/lengthens) the abdominals and hip extensors

Clinical Interventions (25 decks)

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