Foundational Concepts

Question 1

What is the order of systems for movement screening?

Answer 1

Neuro, musculo, skeletal

Question 2

Definition: creation of unrestricted, active, functional movement in the presence of normal muscular strength and joint stability

Answer 2

Mobility

Question 3

Definition: Active muscular control exerted on a joint to redirect force and control movement in the presence of normal muscular flexibility and joint mobility

Answer 3

stability

Question 4

Definition: Unrelated impairments in a remote anatomical region may contribute to, or be associated with the patient’s primary complaint

Answer 4

Regional interdependence

Question 5

What is the functional movement progression steps?

Answer 5

1. normalize mobility and stability
2. correct muscle balance
3. increase NM/proprioception dynamic stability
4. enhance quality functional movement patterns
5. skill acquisition

Question 6

What is the most common complaint from patients?

Answer 6

pain

Question 7

What neuropeptide is released when a nociceptor is stimulated? What does it do?

Answer 7

substance P, initiates the electrical impulses along the afferent fiber toward the spinal cord

Question 8

When ____ fibers are stimulated, the substantia gelatinosa is ACTIVATED which leads to the CLOSING of the gate and results in the message not reaching the brain

Answer 8

alpha beta

Question 9

Definition: When the substantiaa gelatinosa is active, the gate is closed and pain messages do not reach the brain. When it is inactivated, the gate is open and the pain impulse reaches the brain.

Answer 9

Gate control Theory

Question 10

What are cognitive influences for pain?

Answer 10

• anxiety
• depression
• past pain experiences

Question 11

What is the most common scale used to measure pain?

Answer 11

Numeric pain scale

Question 12

A pain scale where the patient is asked to mark their level of pain on a 10 cm line

Answer 12

Visual analog scale (VAS)

Question 13

How can we modulate pain and break the “pain cycle” in patients?

Answer 13

• address chemical pain
• address mechanical pain

Question 14

What are the 3 phases of connective tissue repair?

Answer 14

1. inflammatory
2. consolidation
3. maturation

Question 15

Days 0-5 of healing:
- blood plasma, leukocytes, and macrophages fill the area
- clot is formed
- fibroblasts and myofibroblasts are present
- scar is fragile and held together by a fibroblastic intracellular network

Answer 15

inflammatory phase

Question 16

Days 6-21:
- decrease in leukocytes and macrophages
- fibroblasts become dominant cells
- collagen quantity increases
- scar increases in bulk

Answer 16

Consolidation phase

Question 17

After ___ days of healing, it is difficult to determine the age of a scar/scar tissue

Answer 17

42

Question 18

Definition: reflex inhibition and subsequent elongation of muscles using neurologic principles to reduce tension and lengthen a muscle

Answer 18

active inhibition

Question 19

For PROM/static flexibility, one must hold the stretch for __-__ seconds and repeat that process __-__ times

Answer 19

15-30, 3-5

Question 20

definition: uses diagonal movements of the extremities and a combination of isometric and isotonic contractions to encourage muscle relaxation and increased ROM and mobility

Answer 20

PNF stretching

Question 21

A person should perform ___-___ reps for __-__ sets when performing PNF stretching

Answer 21

10-15, 3-5

Question 22

What type of stretching is very effective for immediate results?

Answer 22

PNF

Question 23

What kinetic chain method is utilized earlier in rehab?

Answer 23

OKC

Question 24

Is OKC or CKC a more isolated movement?

Answer 24

OKC

Question 25

___-___ reps for __ sets is ideal when building muscle strength

Answer 25

8-12, 3