Foundational Concepts Flashcards
What is the order of systems for movement screening?
Neuro, musculo, skeletal
Definition: creation of unrestricted, active, functional movement in the presence of normal muscular strength and joint stability
Mobility
Definition: Active muscular control exerted on a joint to redirect force and control movement in the presence of normal muscular flexibility and joint mobility
stability
Definition: Unrelated impairments in a remote anatomical region may contribute to, or be associated with the patient’s primary complaint
Regional interdependence
What is the functional movement progression steps?
- normalize mobility and stability
- correct muscle balance
- increase NM/proprioception dynamic stability
- enhance quality functional movement patterns
- skill acquisition
What is the most common complaint from patients?
pain
What neuropeptide is released when a nociceptor is stimulated? What does it do?
substance P, initiates the electrical impulses along the afferent fiber toward the spinal cord
When ____ fibers are stimulated, the substantia gelatinosa is ACTIVATED which leads to the CLOSING of the gate and results in the message not reaching the brain
alpha beta
Definition: When the substantiaa gelatinosa is active, the gate is closed and pain messages do not reach the brain. When it is inactivated, the gate is open and the pain impulse reaches the brain.
Gate control Theory
What are cognitive influences for pain?
- anxiety
- depression
- past pain experiences
What is the most common scale used to measure pain?
Numeric pain scale
A pain scale where the patient is asked to mark their level of pain on a 10 cm line
Visual analog scale (VAS)
How can we modulate pain and break the “pain cycle” in patients?
- address chemical pain
- address mechanical pain
What are the 3 phases of connective tissue repair?
- inflammatory
- consolidation
- maturation
Days 0-5 of healing:
- blood plasma, leukocytes, and macrophages fill the area
- clot is formed
- fibroblasts and myofibroblasts are present
- scar is fragile and held together by a fibroblastic intracellular network
inflammatory phase
Days 6-21:
- decrease in leukocytes and macrophages
- fibroblasts become dominant cells
- collagen quantity increases
- scar increases in bulk
Consolidation phase
After ___ days of healing, it is difficult to determine the age of a scar/scar tissue
42
Definition: reflex inhibition and subsequent elongation of muscles using neurologic principles to reduce tension and lengthen a muscle
active inhibition
For PROM/static flexibility, one must hold the stretch for __-__ seconds and repeat that process __-__ times
15-30, 3-5
definition: uses diagonal movements of the extremities and a combination of isometric and isotonic contractions to encourage muscle relaxation and increased ROM and mobility
PNF stretching
A person should perform ___-___ reps for __-__ sets when performing PNF stretching
10-15, 3-5
What type of stretching is very effective for immediate results?
PNF
What kinetic chain method is utilized earlier in rehab?
OKC
Is OKC or CKC a more isolated movement?
OKC
___-___ reps for __ sets is ideal when building muscle strength
8-12, 3
