Thoracic or Dorsal Region: Typical Thoracic Vertebrae T2-T8 Flashcards
Which thoracic segments are considered the typical thoracics?
T2-T8 segments
Which thoracic segments are considered to be the atypical thoracics?
T1, T9-T12
What features will allow discrimination between T2-T4 and T5-T8 segmental groups?
the vertebral body transverse process, articular process and spinous process
What is the outline of the vertebral body of a typical thoracic from superior view?
triangular
What is the name given to the left side appearance of the vertebral body of T5-T8?
the aortic impression
What part of the vertebral body is most influenced by the aorta at T5-T8?
the left side superior and inferior epiphyseal rims
What is the height pattern of the typical thoracic vertebral body?
the posterior height is greater than the anterior height by one to two millimeters
What is the principal cause of the posterior curve of the thoracic spine?
the vertebral body height differences
In terms of the anterior-posterior curves of the vertebral column, what direction will the thoracic spine face?
posterior
What is another way of naming a posterior curve pattern?
kyphotic curve
What joint classifications are identified at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis, cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphasis and synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)
How many synovial joints are formed with the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?
four
How many symphysis joints are formed with the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?
two
How many joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?
typically ten (fourteen if the costocentral stellate/radiate ligaments are included)
Which of the demi-facets on the vertebral body of a typical thoracic is larger?
the superior costal demi-facet
What feature will provide assistance in maintaining the stability of the intervertebral foramen in the typical thoracics?
the costocentral joint or ribs
What is the rib- vertebral body combination at the intervertebral foramen for the ____ nerve? Let’s use the T6 nerve.
the inferior costal demi-facet of T6 will joint with the superior articular surface of the head of the seventh rib
the superior costal demi-facet of T7 will joint with the inferior articular surface of the head of the seventh rib
What ligaments support the costocentral joint?
the costocentral stellate/ radiate ligament and the costocentral interarticular or intra-articular ligament
What does the costocentral intra-articular or interarticular ligament connect to?
the interarcticular or intra-articular crest of the head of the rib and the intervertebral disc
What is the size relationship between the articulating surface of the head of the rib and the costal demi-facet surface?
the rib surface is greater than the costal demi-facet
Which muscle(s) is attached to the vertebral body of T2 or T3?
the longus colli
What is the angulation of the pedicle in the typical thoracic region?
ten to fifteen degrees posterolateral from the sagittal plane
Which X-ray view is used to see into the intervertebral foramen of a typical thoracic?
the lateral view
What is overlap of the lamina called in the typical thoracic region?
shingling
What is the outline of the vertebral foramen in the typical thoracic region?
oval to circular
In which plane will the size of the vertebral foramen of a typical thoracic be greatest?
the transverse plane, the vertebral transverse diameter
What ligaments support the costotransverse joint of a typical thoracic?
the superior costotransverse, inferior costotransverse, and lateral costotransverse ligaments
The superior costotransverse ligament of the transverse process of T4 will attach to rib ____.
five
The inferior costotransverse ligament of the transverse process of the T5 will attach to rib ____.
five
The lateral costotransverse ligament of the transverse process of T5 will attach to rib ____.
five
Which muscles may attach to the transverse process of a typical thoracic?
longissimus thoracis, longissimus cervicis, longissimus capitis, semispinalis thoracis, semispinalis cervicis , semispinalis capitis, multifidis, rotator longus, rotator brevis, intertransversarii, levator costarum longus and levator costarum brevis
How do the transverse diameters of the articular process compare in the T2-T4 region?
the superior articular process transverse diameter is the greater than the inferior articular process transverse diameter for a given segment
How do the transverse diameters of the articular processes compare in the T5-T8 region?
the superior articular process transverse diameter is the same as or equal to the inferior articular process transverse diameter for a given segment
What is the orientation of the superior articular facet of a typical thoracic?
they face backward, upward, and lateral (BUL)
What is the orientation of the inferior articular facet of a typical thoracic?
they face forward, downward, and medial (ForMeD)
How many synocial joints are present at a typical thoracic?
ten
How many synovial joints surfaces for ribs that are present on a typical thoracic?
six
Identify the synovial joint surfaces for ribs that are present on a typical thoracic
two superior costal demi-facets, two inferior costal demi facets, two transverse costal facets
What name is given to the region between the superior and inferior articular processes in the typical thoracics?
the pars interarticularis
What is the orientation of the spinous process of a typical thoracic?
they slant backward and downward
What is the name given to the overlap of spinous processes in the thoracic region?
imbrication
Imbrication will be more pronounced for what region of the thoracics?
T5-8
Which thoracic has the longest spinous process?
T8
Which muscles may attach to the spinous process of a typical thoracic?
trapezious, latissimus dorsi, rhomboid major, serratus posterior superior, splenius cervicis, splenius capitis, spinalis thoracis, spinalis cervicis, spinalis capitis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidis, roatator longus, rotator brevis and interspinalis
Which muscles attaching to the spinous process of a typical thoracic are not included in any muscle layer of the true back?
splenius cervicis, splenius capitis and interspinalis
What joint classifications are present at every typical thoracic vertebra?
fibrous (amphiarthosis) syndesmosis, cartilaginous (amphiarthorsis) symphysis and synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)
