Aypical Cervical Vertebrae C2/Axis/Epistropheus Flashcards
What names are given to C2?
axis or epistropheus
What unique vertebral body modification is characteristic of C2?
the dens or odontoid process
How many joint surfaces are present on the odontoid process of C2?
five
What joint surfaces are present on the odontoid process of C2?
facet for fovea dentis, groove for transverse atlantal ligament, attachment sites for the alar ligaments, attachment site for the apical-dental ligament
What is the name given to the odontoid process when the facet for the fovea dentis lies below the groove for the transverse atlantal ligament and the attachment sites for the apical-dental and alar ligaments appear to be directed posterior?
lordotic dens
What is the name given to the odontoid process when the facet for the fovea dentis lies below the groove for the transverse atlantal ligament and the attachment sites for the apical-dental and alar ligaments appear to be directed anterior?
kyphotic dens
What joint surfaces are present at the inferior part of the vertebral body of C2?
anterior lip, posterior lip, right and left lateral grooves and cancellous bone
How many joints are formed by the inferior part of the vertebral body of C2?
five
What joint classifications are present at the inferior part of the vertebral body of C2?
fibrous (ampiarthorsis) syndesmosis, modified synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar) and cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphasis
How many joint surfaces are present at the vertebral body of C2?
ten
What joint classifications are present at the vertebral body of C2?
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis, synovial pivot (diarthrosis trochoid), modified synoVial saddle (diarthrosis sellar) and cartilaginous (amphiarthorsis) symphasis
What ligament forms the anterior boundary for the spinal canal above C2?
membrana tectoria
What ligament forms the anterior boundary for the spinal canal below C2?
posterior longitudinal ligament
What lies on the upper surface of the pedicle of C2?
the superior articular process
What is the location of the superior vertebral notch of C2?
on the lamina-pedicle junction