Atypical Thoracic: T12 Flashcards
What joint classifications are identified at the vertebral body of T12?
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis, cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis and synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)
How many joints are typically formed at the vertebral body of T12?
typically eight (ten if the costocentral stellate/radiate ligaments are included)
Which muscle(s) is attached to the vertebral body of T12?
psoas major and psoas minor
What does the lateral tubercle of T12 represent?
the transverse process
What does the superior tubercle of T12 represent?
the mammillary process of lumbar vertebrae
What does the inferior tubercle of T12 represent?
the accessory process of lumbar vertebrae
What ligaments form the costotransverse joint of the twelfth rib?
the superior costotransverse ligament from T11 and the lumbocostal ligament from L1
Which costotransverse ligament(s) lack an attachment to T12?
capsular costotransverse, superior costotransverse, inferior costotransverse and lateral costotransverse ligaments
What muscles attach to the transverse process region of T12?
the longissimus thoracis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidis, rotator longus, rotator brevis and intertransversarii
Which segment is the last to demonstrate a levator costarum brevis attachment?
T11
Which segment is the last to demonstrate a levator costarum longus attachment?
T10
What is the orientation of the superior articular facets of T12?
they face backward, upward, and lateral (BUL)
What is the orientation of the inferior articular facets of T12?
they face forward, downward, and lateral (FoLD)
How many synovial joints are typically present at T12?
six
How many synovial joint surfaces for ribs are typically present on T12?
two
