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CPR Midterm > Thoracic Neurology > Flashcards

Thoracic Neurology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 constriction points of the esophagus?

A
  1. cricopharynxgeus m. (upper esophageal sphincter)
  2. aortic arch
  3. L bronchus
  4. esophageal hiatus
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2
Q

What are the branches of the vagus n.?

A
  • superior cardiac branch
  • middle cardiac branch
  • recurrent laryngeal*
  • inferior cardiac branch *
  • pulmonary branches
  • esophageal branches
  • anterior/posterior vagal trunk
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3
Q

Through what space does the vagus nerve travel through to get to the thorax?

A

-superior thoracic aperture

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4
Q

What is special about the path of the L recurrent laryngeal and what is a clinical not about it?

A

it loops under the arch of the aorta to go to the larynx

-aortic aneurysms near ligaments arteriosum can cause a hoarse voice

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5
Q

What muscles does the recurrent laryngeal n. innvervate?

A
  • posterior circiothyroid m.
  • lateral cricothyroid m.
  • transverse & oblique cretinoid m.
  • thyroarytenoid m.
  • vocalis m.
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6
Q

Does the R recurrent laryngeal enter the thorax?

A

no, out stays in the neck

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7
Q

What is the path of the phrenic n. ?

A
  • > anterior rami of C3,4,5
  • travels inferiorly and anterior to the anterior scalene
  • it passes through the superior thoracic aperture
  • travels b/w the fibrous pericardium and the parietal mediastinal pleura
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8
Q

What does the phrenic nerve innervate?

A

thoracic diaphragm

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9
Q

What part of the CNS does the intercostal nerve originate from?

A

the anterior rams of thoracic spinal n.

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10
Q

What are the typical intercostal n. ?

Where do the travel?

A

1-11th anterior rami of thoracic spinal n.
-travel in costal groove on the inferior portion of the rib in the intercostal space b/w internal intercostal m. and innermost intercostal m

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11
Q

What do the intercostal n.s innervate?

A

skin, subs tissue, muscles of thorax

-costal and diaphragmatic pleurae

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12
Q

What is the rami communicants?

A

structure that connects the intercostal n. to the ipsilateral sympathetic trunk

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13
Q

What does the lateral cutaneous branch of the intercostal n. innervate?

A

-skin of thoracic wall, T4-T6 supply breast

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14
Q

What are the atypical intercostal n?

A

1st ,2nd, 7-11th

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15
Q

What is atypical about the 1st intercostal n.?

A
  • no cutaneous branch

- joins brachial plexus

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16
Q

What is atypical about the 2nd intercostal n.?

A
  • small part joins brachial plexus

- intercostobrachial n. -> supplies skin & subQ of axilla (later cutaneous branch)

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17
Q

What happens as the 7th -11th intercostal never run anteriorly?

A

no longer b/w ribs and are now called the thoracoabdominal n.s

18
Q

What are the 3 main sympathetic components in the thorax?

A

1) thoracic sympathetic trunk
2) cardiopulmonary splanchnic n.s
3) abdominopelvic splanchnic n.s

19
Q

What composes the thoracic sympathetic trunk?

A

paravertebral sympathetic ganglia

20
Q

What are the 2 cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerves, where are their cell bodies, and where do they send their fibers?

A
  1. cardiac splanchnic -> lateral horn T1-T5/6 ; superficial and deep cardiac plexus
  2. pulmonary splanchnic -> lateral horn T2-3 ; pulmonary plexus
21
Q

Are the cardiopulmonary splanchnic n.s pre or post synaptic?

A

POST SYNAPTIC

22
Q

Are the abdominopelvic splanchnic n.s ore or post synaptic?

A

PRE SYNAPTIC

23
Q

What are the 3 abdominosplanchnic n.s?

A
  1. greater splanchnic n.
  2. lesser splanchnic n.
  3. least splanchnic n.
24
Q

What is the path of the greater splanchnic n.?

A

T5-T9/10 -> esophageal plexus and celiac ganglion -> celiac plexus

25
Q

What is the path of the lesser splanchnic n.?

A

T10-11 -> celiac & superior mesenteric ganglion -> superior mesenteric plexus

26
Q

What is the path of the least splanchnic n.?

A

t12-> aorticorenal ganglion

27
Q

Where do the abdominosplanchnic nerves synapse?

A

prevertebral ganglion (complete pass paravertebral ganglion)

28
Q

What are the 4 thoracic autonomic plexi?

A
  1. Cardiac
  2. pulmonary
  3. aortic
  4. esophageal
29
Q

What does the pulmonary plexus innervate and what are its sympathetic and parasympathetic contributions?

A

-lungs, bronchi, and pleura

sympathetic : pulmonary splanchnic n.

parasympathetic : pulmonary branches of the vagus

30
Q

What does the cardiac plexus innervate and what are its sympathetic and parasympathetic components?

A

heart (SA and AV nodes)

sym: cardiac splanchnic n.
parasympathetic : superior , middle, and inferior cardiac branches of the vagus n.

31
Q

Where is the deep cardiac plexus located?

A

anterior to the bifurcation of the tranchea

  • posterior to aortic arch
  • superior to bifurcation of the pulmonary trunk
32
Q

What does the aortic plexus feed into and what is its role?

A
  • feeds into the mesenteric plexus

- is a conduit for symp and parasympathetic fiber from the cardiac plexus into the abdomen

33
Q

What does the esophageal plexus innervate and what are its sympathetic and parasympathetic contributions?

A

-esophagus

  • sym = greater splanchnic n. and aortic plexus
  • parasym : esophageal branches of the vagus n.
34
Q

What does activation of the pulmonary splanchnic n. do?

A
  • bronchodilator & inhibit glands of bronchi & bronchioles
  • Vasoconstrict pulmonary vessels
  • visceral sensory
35
Q

What does activation of the pulmonary branches of the vagus n. do?

A
  • bronchoconstrictor & secretor motor to glands of bronchi and bronchioles
  • vasodilate pulmonary vessels
36
Q

What are the sensory components of the lungs? (hint : 5)

A
  1. bronchial mucosa = cough reflex
  2. bronchial m. = stretch receptors
  3. intracellular CT = reflexive
  4. Pulmonary a. = pressure
  5. pulmonary v. = chemoreceptor
37
Q

What does activation of the cardiac splanchnic n. do ?

A
  • increase HR and force of contractions

- vasomotor pericardium

38
Q

What does activation of the cardiac branches of the vagus n. do?

A
  • decrease HR and force of contraction

- vasoconstrict coronary a.s

39
Q

What does activation of the greater splanchnic n. do?

A

-inhibit peristalsis & esophageal glands

40
Q

What does activation of the esophageal branches of the vagus n. do?

A

-stimulate peristalsis & esophageal glands

CPR Midterm (13 decks)

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