Respiratory Histo Flashcards by Claire Gro

What is the function of the conduction portion of the respiratory system ?

warms, humidifies air
transmit ait
NO GAS EXCHANGE

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What parts make up the conducting portion?

-nasal cavities -> paranasal sinuses -> nasopharynx -> trachea -> 1,2,3 bronchi -> bronchioles -> conducting bronchioles -> terminal bronchioles

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the function of the respiratory portion of the respiratory system?

pass air to alveoli for gas exchange

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What parts make up the respiratory portion ?

respiratory bronchioles -> alveolar ducts -> alveolar sacs

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What reinforces the larynx?

thyroid and cricoid cartilages and small elastic cartilages

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is a main feature of the larynx

vocal colds

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What kind of epithelium are the vocal folds?

what features are assoc. with them?

nonkeratinized stratified squamous

vocal l. supports
moved by vocalis m.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What kind of epithelium is the respiratory epithelium?

pseudo stratified ciliated columnar

contains ciliated, goblet, and basal cells

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the purpose of the respiratory epithelium?

protect airway vis mucus

- move particles via cilia up and out

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are goblet cells?

modified columnar cells that produce mucigen granules

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the 4 layers of the trachea?

1) mucosa (respirated. epi)
2) submucosa (dener CT than LP)
3) cartilaginous (c shaped hyaline cart rings)
4) adventitia (trachealis m. , CT that bind it to other structures)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What does tracheal epithelium contain?

pseudostrat
- - goblet cells
elastic, fiber rich LP
broncho Assoc. Lymph Tissue

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What does tracheal submucosa contain?

+ + glands

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the 4 layers of the bronchi?

1) epithelia
2) submucosa
3) muscular
4) adventitia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is in the bronchi epithelial layer?

1) pesudostrat ciliated columnar
2) fewer goblet cells
3) + elastic fibers

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is in the bronchi submucosa layer?

loose/areolar CT
few glands
irregular cartilage pieces

What is in the bronchi muscular layer?

cont. larger bronchi

loosely organ. smaller bronchi

What is in the bronchi adventitia layer?

moderately dense CT

What are the layers of the bronchioles?

1) epithelia
2) muscularis (SM)
no submucosa or cartilage

What characterizes bronchiole epithelia?

larger cells = simple ciliated columnar
small cell = simple cuboidal

-few goblet
CLUB CELLS
- ^ elastic fibers

What are the layers of terminal and respiratory bronchioles?

1) epithelia

2) muscularis

What characterizes terminal and respiratory bronchiole epithelia?

simple cuboidal w/ club cells

What are club cells ? What do they do?

-non-ciliated , dome shaped cells

secrete lipoprotein (prevent adhesion on expiration)
antimicrobial peptides
detox inhaled materials

What are alveolar rings?

aggregates of SM, collagen, and elastic fibers that form rings around alveolar ducts

What type of epithelia are alveolar ducts, rings, and sacs?

simple squamous epi

What are the special cell types contain within alveoli?

Type 1 = gas exchange (simple squamous) type 2 = surfactant (cuboidal/rounded) --> precursor for type 1 &2

What covers the pleura?

flattened mesothelium

What is the purpose of pleura?

- extend into the lung as fibrous septa, cont. w/ lung parenchyma - contain lymph vessels

What composes the blood air barrier : internal to external ?

- alveolar epithelium - fused alveolar basal lamina with capillary endothelia - capillary endothelia

What is Asthma? | What do you see on a cellular level?

- chronic inflammatory disease involving the airways - accomp. by bronchospasm - bronchiolar wall by eosinophil, lymphocytes, mast cells - thick bronchiolar epi. w/ + + goblet cells, thick basement membrane and hyperplstic SM

Symptoms of asthma?

dyspnea, wheezing, productive cough

What is emphysema?

permanent enlargement of air spaces distal to terminal bronchiole (dec surface area) caused by chronic obstruction of airflow due to narrowing bronchioles accomplishments. by destruction of alveolar walls

What is emphysema caused by?

- smoking cigarettes - inhaling particulate matter (construction or coal) - autoimmune

What is pnumonia?

inflammation fo lung tissue -> air space are filled w/ exudate contains WBCs (neutron) , RBC, fibrin -red hepatization stage(looks like liver)

What does the lung look like in pneumonia?

lung is heavy (exudate) | lung is firm and red (lack of air space)

What are signs a symptoms of pneumonia?

fever & chills productive cough decreased breath sounds crackles in lungs

What is Bronchiolitis Obliterans? Where does it occur?

intralaminal polyploid plug of granulation tissue (new CT formed from healing) in terminal and respiratory bronchioles

What is Bronchiolitis Obliterans caused by? | Symptoms?

caused: inhalation of diacetyl ; lung transplant ; infections pneumonias, diffuse alveolar damage symptoms : SOB, wheezing, dry cough