CPR Autonomics Flashcards
SA node sympathetic nerve? receptor type? action? effect?
T1-T5
- B1
- increase rate of depolarization
- increase HR
AV node/ AV bundle/Purkinjie fiber sympathetic
nerve? receptor type? action? effect?
T1-T5
- B1
- increase rate of delay phase 0
- increase conductance velocity
- increase ventricular rate if AV is pacemaker
Atrial/Ventricular myocyte sympathetic innervation nerve? receptor? action?effect
- T1-T5
- B1
- increase Ca2+ influx
- increase contractility (pump stronger)
What vasculature/arteries use Alpha 1 receptors for sympathetic input?
Coronary a. ; cutaneous vasculature ; splanchnic vessels
What levels do splanchnic vessels receive sympathetic inn. from?
T5-L2
What is special about sweat gland receptor and what does NE binding to those receptor cause?
sympathetic muscarinic -> sweat production via vasodilation
What types of sympathetic receptors does skeletal m. have? actions? effects?
- alpha 1 = contract SM -> vasoconstriction of arterioles
- Beta -2 = relax SM -> vasodilation
(shows how body prioritizes blood flow in fight or flight)
How is vasodilation accomplished in splanchnic vessels?
decrease of sympathetic activity
What are the sympathetic receptors of veins? actions? effects?
- alpha 1 = contract SM -> increase venous return to heart
- Beta 1 & 2 = relax SM -> decrease venous return to heart
What is the sympathetic innervation to the pulmonary circulation? receptors? actions? effects?
- 1st 5 thoracic ganglia (include. stellate)
- highest inn in pulm a. , trunk, and hilar vessels
- Alpha -1 = contract SM = vasoconstriction of LARGE pulmonary vessels
- B1 & 2 = relax SM -> vasodilator LARGE pulmonary vessels
How does parasympathetic innervation of the pulmonary circulation have its effects?
ACH bind to muscaranic receptors
- receptors release NO
- NO causes SM to relax
HAS AN INDIRECT EFFECT
What is the upper vs lower airway?
upper = nasal mucosa lower = (extrinsic) bronchi & bronchioles (intrinsic) = trachea and large airways
What innervated intrinsic lower airways?
nerve plexuses derived from embryo gut
What is the sympathetics innervation of the upper airway? receptors? action? effect?
- superior cervical ganglion of the facial n.
- Alpha 1
- SM contraction
- vasoconstriction & decreased mucous secretion
What is the parasympathetic innervation of the upper airway? receptor? action? effect?
- parasympathetic branches of the trigeminal n. and pterygopalatine ganglia
- muscarinic
- relax SM
- > vasodilation and increase mucus secretions
What is the sympathetic innervation of the lower airway? receptor? action? innervation?
T1-T5
- B2 (bronchial)
- relax bronchial SM
- bronchodilation and increase bronchial secretions
What is the parasympathetic inn of the lower airway? receptor? action? effect?
Vagus n.
- muscarinic
- bronchoconstriction and decrease mucus secretion
What are the 4 main vessels heavily innervated by sympathetics in the kidney?
- afferent arteriole (blood flow into glom.)
- efferent arteriole (blood flow out of glom.)
- renal portal system (secrete subs)
- juxtaglomerular system (secretes renin)
What sympathetic receptor is on renal vascular tissue? action? effects?
alpha -1
- vasocoonstriction
- decrease blood flow to kidneys, decrease urine production = INCREASE BP
What is the sympathetic receptor on the juxtaglomerular apparatus and where? actions? and effects ?
Beta- 1 on granule cells of afferent arteriole
- increase angiotensin 1 -> increase angio 2-> increase aldosterone release -> increase reads of Na & retention of H2O (release of vasopressin)
- RESULT = INCREASE IN BLOOD VOLUME THEREFORE INCREASING BLOOD PRESSURE
