Thoracic Cavity

Question 1

Where in the thoracic cavity are RBCs formed?

Answer 1

Ribs and sternum

Question 2

Where is the greatest width of the thoracic cavity?

Answer 2

8th to 9th rib level

Question 3

Site of communiation between the thoracic cavity and root of the neck

Answer 3

Thoracic inlet

Question 4

Compression of the vessels crossing between the first rib and clavicle

Answer 4

Thoracic inlet syndrome

Question 5

Site of communcation between the thoracic cavity and the abdomen

Answer 5

Thoracic outlet

Question 6

Is the thoracic cavity an open or closed system?

Answer 6

Closed

Question 7

Formed by the medial borders of costal cartialges of ribs 7-10

Answer 7

Costal margin

Question 8

Where the costal margins converge at the xiphisternal joint

Answer 8

Infrasternal angle

Question 9

Classification of ribs 1-7

Answer 9

True ribs: attach directly to sternum by costal cartilages

Question 10

Classification of ribs 8-10

Answer 10

False ribs: cartialges indirectly attach to the sternum thru costal cartilage of rib 7

Question 11

Classification of ribs 11 and 12

Answer 11

Do not attachto the sternum and end in the abdominal musculature

Question 12

Where the transverse process of the vertebra of the same number connects with the rib at the same level

Answer 12

Articular tubercle

Question 13

Where the lateral costotransverse ligament attaches

Answer 13

Non-articular part of the rib tubercle

Question 14

Concave, internal aspect of the inferior border of the rib that assists in protection of the intercostal neurovascular bundle

Answer 14

Costal groove

Question 15

Broadest, shortest, most sharply curved rib

Answer 15

Rib 1. has no costal groove. Superior surface has 2 shallow grooves (separated by scalene tubercle) for subclavian vein and artery

Question 16

Which rib has a tubercle at the middle of its external surface for the attachment of the serratus anterior?

Answer 16

Rib 2. Has facets that articulates with T1 and T2

Question 17

Which ribs only have the articular facet on the head to articulate with the vertebral body?

Answer 17

Ribs 10 and 11

Question 18

Shortest and thinnest rib

Answer 18

Rib 12

Question 19

Attaches the ribs to the sternum

Answer 19

Costal cartilages

Question 20

Widest and thickest part of the sternum

Answer 20

Manubrium

Question 21

What makes up the body of the sternum?

Answer 21

4 central sternebrae that fuse in young adulthood

Question 22

Which ribs does the sternum articulate with?

Answer 22

2 to 6

Question 23

When does the xiphisternal joint typically ossify

Answer 23

5th decade of life

Question 24

What vertebrae level is the manubrium at?

Answer 24

T3 and T4

Question 25

What ribs are at the sternal angle?

Answer 25

2nd pair of costal cartilages

Question 26

What rib is at the spin of the scapula?

Answer 26

4th

Question 27

What rib is the inferior angle of the scapula at?

Answer 27

8th

Question 28

Ligament from crest of head of the rib to the IVD

Answer 28

Intra-articular

Question 29

Ligament that passes from the enterior margin of the head of the rib to the sides of the bodies of 2 vertebrae and the IVD between them

Answer 29

Radiate ligament

Question 30

The articulation b/t the tubercle of the rib and the transverse costal facet of the vertebra with the same number

Answer 30

Costotransverse joint

Question 31

Ligament that connects the posterior part of the rib neck to the anterior surface of the adjacent transverse process

Answer 31

Costotransverse ligament

Question 32

Ligament that connects the tubercle of the rib to the tip of the transverse process

Answer 32

Lateral costotransverse ligament

Question 33

Ligament that connects the crest on the neck of the rib to the caudal border of the trnsverse process above

Answer 33

Superior costotransverse ligament

Question 34

What is the most important muscle of respiration?

Answer 34

diaphragm

Question 35

Boyle's law

Answer 35

volume and pressure have an inverse relationship

Question 36

What keeps the lungs "stuck" to the diaphragm and thoracic wall?

Answer 36

Slightly negative intrapleural pressure

Question 37

Muscle that attaches to the inferior border of the rib above and the superior border of the rib below, creating an oblique line TOWARDS the sternum

Answer 37

External intercostal muscles

Question 38

Aponeurosis that is an anterior continuation of the external intercostal muscles

Answer 38

External intercostal membrane

Question 39

Muscles that runs from the inferior border to the superior border of the ribs it is b/t, creating an inferoposterior oblique

Answer 39

Internal intercostal muscle

Question 40

Deepest intercostal muscle

Answer 40

Innermost intercostal muscle

Question 41

What encompasses the intercostal nerves and vessels

Answer 41

Internal and innermost intercostal muscles

Question 42

Posterior muscles inside the toracic cage, runs from one rib to the one 2-3 below it

Answer 42

Subcostal muscles

Question 43

Anterior muscles inside the toracic cage that is continuous with the transverse abdominis

Answer 43

Transversus thoracis

Question 44

Quite respirations

Answer 44

Tidal breathing

Question 45

Nerve branch that supplies the skin over the lateral and anterolateral thoracic wall

Answer 45

Lateral cutaneous braches (anterior and posterior)

Question 46

Nerve that is just lateral to the sternum, innervates the anterior thoracic wall and anterior abdomen

Answer 46

Anterior cutaneous branches

Question 47

Where do the 1and 2 posterior intercostal arteries arise from?

Answer 47

Supreme (superior) intercostal artery, from the costocervical truck of subclavian artery

Question 48

Where do the third thru eleventh posterior intercostal arteries arise from?

Answer 48

Paired brnaches from the thoracic aorta

Question 49

Arises in the root of the neck from the inferior surface of the 1st part of the subclavian artery

Answer 49

Internal thoracic artery

Question 50

Course of the internal thoracic artery

Answer 50

Posterior to the clavical and 1st costal cartilage, posterior to the internal intercostal muscles and anterior to the transversus thoracis, terminating at the 6th intercostal space (superior epigastric and musculophrenic arteries)

Question 51

Branches of the internal thoracic artery

Answer 51

Pericardiacophrenic, Superior epigastric, musculophrenic, anterior intercostal, Anterior perforating branches

Question 52

Branches from axillary artery

Answer 52

Supreme thoracic artery, pectoral branch of thoracoacromial artery, lateral thoracic artery, toracodorsal branch of subscapular artery

Question 53

Where do the posterior intercostal veins drain into?

Answer 53

Right: azygos into the SVC, left: hemiazygos veins

Question 54

Where do the anterior intercostal veins drain to?

Answer 54

Musculophrenic vein into the internal thoracic vein

Question 55

Where to the parasternal lymphatics of the thoracic wall drain to?

Answer 55

Medial aspect of the mammary gland and anterior thoracic wall

Question 56

Where do the intercostal lymphatics receive lymph from?

Answer 56

Posterior thoracic wall

Question 57

Extension of the superior outer quadrant of the breat that extends over the border of the pectoralis major into the axilla

Answer 57

Axillary tail

Question 58

What type of muscle allows for the nipples to become erect during nursing?

Answer 58

Circular smooth muscle

Question 59

Parts of the parenchyma of the breast

Answer 59

Lobes, lactiferous duct, lactiferous sinus

Question 60

Dilation of each lactiferous duct located just deep to the ducts opening on the nipple

Answer 60

Lactiferous sinus. Acts as a reservoir for milk

Question 61

Dense connective tissue components that surrounds the ductal tissue

Answer 61

Suspensory ligaments or Cooper's ligaments

Question 62

What type of autonomic innervation does the breast receive?

Answer 62

Sympathetic

Question 63

Where does the majority of breast lymphatic drainage go?

Answer 63

Axillary lymph

Question 64

Most common sites of metastases from breast tissue?

Answer 64

Lymph nodes, bones, liver, brain