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Anatomy 2 > Abd > Flashcards

Abd Flashcards

1
Q

What layer lines the body wall of a serous cavity?

A

Parietal Layer

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2
Q

What layer covers the surface of the organs?

A

Visceral layer

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3
Q

What innervates parietal layers?

A

Somatically innervated by spinal nerves

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4
Q

Innervates visceral layers

A

Autonomic nerves

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5
Q

How are the 4 quadrants of the abdomen divided?

A

Veritical line thru the midline, and horizontal line thru the umbilicus

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6
Q

How are the 9 regions of the abdomen divided?

A

Left/Right midclavicular, subcostal of 10th ribs/Transtubercular at the iliac tubercles

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7
Q

Fatty superficial layer of the Abd that is cont w/ similar fascia of the thorax/thigh

A

Camper’s fascia

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8
Q

Membranous deep layer of fascia found inferior to the level of the umbilicus

A

Scarpa’s fascia

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9
Q

Fascia deep to the scrotal skin

A

Dartos fascia, continuous with scarpa’s fascia

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10
Q

Female equivalent to dartos fascia

A

Fascia of the labia majora

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11
Q

Fascia around the shaft of the penis

A

Superficial penile fascia

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12
Q

Fascia of the perineum

A

Colles’ fascia

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13
Q

Fascia of the thigh

A

fascia lata

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14
Q

Membranous layer just deep to the muscles/aponeurosis that becomes denser in the lower abdominal layers

A

Transversalis Fascia

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15
Q

Layer between the transversalis fascia and peritoneum

A

Extraperitoneal fascia

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16
Q

Serous membrane whose parietal layer is the most internal linig of the abdominal cavity wall

A

Peritoneum

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17
Q

External to internal layers of the abdominal muscles

A

External oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominis (rectus passes superficial to this for the superior portion of the abdomin)

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18
Q

Aponeuroses formed by the 3 lateral abdominal muscles

A

Rectus sheath

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19
Q

Inferior edge of the posterior aspect of the rectus sheath that denotes the transtion of the aponeurotic layers (b/t umbilicus and pubis)

A

Arcuate line

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20
Q

Epigastric vessel location above the arcuate line

A

Within the sheath on the posterior surface of the rectus abd

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21
Q

Epigastric vessel location below the arcuate line

A

Between the transversalis facia and rectus abd

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22
Q

Rectus abdominis movements

A

Flexes spine, posterior tilt of pelvis (pubis pulled superior), lumbo-pelvic stabilization

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23
Q

Internal and External Abd Oblique movements

A

Flexion of the spin (bilaterally), Lateral flextion of the spine (unilaterally), rotation of spine (contra EO with ipsi IO)

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24
Q

What does the transverse abdominal function as?

A

Protection via layers, rigidity during contraction, creates an increase in intraabdominal pressure

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25
Q

Arteries between the TA and the IO in the anterolateral abdonimal wall

A

Posterior intercostal arteries and subcostal arteries

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26
Q

On posterior surface of RA wthin the rectus sheath, also supplies the RA

A

Superior epigastric artery

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27
Q

Posterior surface of the RA and anastamoses with superior epigasteric A.

A

Inferior epigastric artery

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28
Q

Forms a communication b/t the axillary and femoral veins

A

Thoracoepigastric vein

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29
Q

Superficial lymphatic drainage superior to umbillicus

A

Drains to axillary

30
Q

Superficial lymphatic drainage inferior to umbillicus

A

Drains to superficial inguinal nodes

31
Q

Runs from the Apex of the bladder to the umbilicus

A

MediaN umbilical fold (Singular!!)

32
Q

Remnants of the obliterated umbilical arteries passing from the internal iliac ateries

A

MediaL umbilical folds (Paired!!)

33
Q

Contains the inferior epigastric artery

A

Lateral umbilical fold

34
Q

Space between the inguinal ligament, lateral umbilical fold, and lateral margin of RA

A

Inguinal triangle (Hesselbach’s)

35
Q

Remnant of the umbilical vein, from umbilicus to the liver

A

Ligamentum teres

36
Q

How is the inguinal ligament “formed”?

A

The inferior free mragin of the EO aponeurosis is turned/rolled under

37
Q

Attachments of the inguinal ligament

A

ASIS to the pubic tubercle

38
Q

Oblique passage thru inferior part of the anterior abd wall b/t the deep/superficial inguinal rings

A

Inguinal canal

39
Q

3 openings of the inguinal canal

A

1) circular opening in transversalis fascia (deep ring) 2) arch of IO & TA superior to the inguinal ligament 3) oblong opening in the EOA (superficial ring)

40
Q

Which ring is lateral to inferior epigastric vessels?

A

Deep inguinal ring, 1/2 way b/t ASIS and pubic tubercle

41
Q

Formed by the EOA and attaches to the pubis symphsis

A

Medial Crus

42
Q

Formed by the inguinal ligament and attaches to the pubic tubercle

A

Lateral crus

43
Q

Posterior barrier of the superficial inguinal ring

A

Conjoint tendon of the IO and TA

44
Q

Floor of the inguinal canal

A

Lacunar ligament (inguinal ligament attaching to the pubis) and pectineal ligament (cont of the lacunar ligament, attching to the pectineal line of the pubis)

45
Q

Anterior wall of inguinal canal

A

EO aponeurosis, IO muscle fibers, is strongest anterior to the deep ring

46
Q

Roof of the inguinal canal

A

Arching fibers of IO/TA

47
Q

Posterior wall of inguinal canal

A

Transversalis fascia, conjoint tendon, strongest portion is posterior to superficial ring

48
Q

Contents of inguinal canal in females

A

Round ligament of uterus, ilioinguinal nerve, genital branch of genitofemoral nerve

49
Q

Contents of inguinal canal in males

A

Spermatic cord and coverings, ilioinguinal nerve, genital branch of genitofemoral nerve

50
Q

Coverings of the spermatic cord

A

External spermatic fascia (EO), Cremasteric fascia/muscle (IO), internal spermatic fascia (TF)

51
Q

Divides the cavities of the scrotum

A

Scrotal septum

52
Q

What fascia is the dartos fascia cont w/?

A

Scarpa’s and Colles’

53
Q

Attaches the testis

A

Scrotal ligament

54
Q

Parts of the epididymis

A

Head, body, tail

55
Q

What is the tail of the epididymis cont w/?

A

Ducuts deferens

56
Q

Arterial branches off of the aorta that come off just below the renal arteries

A

Testicular arteries

57
Q

Testes lymphatic drainage

A

Para-aortis lymph nodes

58
Q

Scrotal lymphatic drainage

A

Superficial inguinal nodes

59
Q

Where do tests develop?

A

Extraperitoneal space in upper lumbar levels

60
Q

Connects the testis to the scrotum

A

Gubernaculum

61
Q

What evaginates to form the processus vaginalis?

A

parietal peritoneum

62
Q

Formation of internal spermatic fascia

A

Testis descend thru the deep inguinal ring, pushing the TF to become to ISF

63
Q

Formation of the cremasteric fascia/muscle

A

Testis descends thru the IO muscle, forming the CF/M

64
Q

Formation of the external spermatic fascia

A

When testis reach the superficial ring, pushes the EO aponeurosis to form the ESF

65
Q

Incomplete descent of the testis

A

cryptochidism

66
Q

3 common sites of hernias

A

Umbilical, epigastric, spigelian

67
Q

Most common form of inguinal hernias

A

Indirect, and is usually congenital, more common on the right

68
Q

Site of initial herniation in indirect inguinal hernias

A

At deep inguinal ring, lateral to inferior epigastric vessel, superior to the level of the pubic tubercle

69
Q

Direct inguinal hernia

A

Weakening of the conjoint tendon along the posterior wall of the inguinal canal allos for a bulging of abd contents

70
Q

Sight of initial hernitaion in direct inguinal herniation

A

medial to inferior epigastric vessels, superior to pubic tubercle

71
Q

Femoral herniations

A

More common in women, abd contents descend thru the femoral canal

72
Q

Site of initial hernitation in femoral herniations

A

At femoral ring, then buldges inferior to the level of the pubic tubercle/inguinal ligament

Anatomy 2 (10 decks)

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