Pelvis Flashcards
Divergance laterally with the gap in between the urogenital diaphragm
Subfasical space
Separates the deep and superficial perineal spaces
Deep perineal fascia (perineal membrane)
Separates the superficial perineal and subcutaneous perineal spaces
Colle’s Fascia (superficial perineal fascia)
Superior surface of the pelvis
Falase (Greater) pelvis
Inferior surface of the pelvis
True (lesser) pelvis
Dividing line between the true and false pelvises
Linea Terminalis (Pelvic brim/Pelvic inlet)
What cavities does the linea terminalis demarcate?
Peritoneal cavity (into greater pelvis) and pelvic cavity(lesser pelvis)
What 3 bony landmarks does the linea terminalis incorporate?
Pubic tubercle, pectineal line, arcuate line
Term for the arcuate line and continuation of the pectineal line
Iliopectineal line
Elevation on the superior margin of the pubic symphysis which serves as the main attachment site for the inguinal ligament
Pubic tubercle
Ridge of bone extending from the pubic tubercle along the superior ramus of the pubis to the level of the acetabulum; lacunar ligament attaches here
Pectineal line
Along the medial surface of the ilium from the acetabulum to the sacroiliac joint, posterior continuation of the pectineal line
Arcuate line
Separates the greater and lesser sciatic notches
Ischial spine
Spans from the anterlateral surface of the sacrum to the ischial spine
Sacrospinous ligament
Spans from the posterior surface of the sacrum to the ischial tuberosity
Sacrotuberous ligament
Superior gap in the obturator membrane
Obturator canal
What does the obturator canal contain?
Obturator artery (off of internal iliac a.), vein, nerve (from L2-L4)
Subpubic angle in males and females
Males: 60, females: 85
Difference between male and female pelvis
Male: heavier, thicker, more prominent bony markings. Female: wider, shallower, shorter/more everted ischial tuberosities
4 borders of the pelvic canal
Pelvis inlet (superior), pubic symphysis (anterior), sacral promontory (posterior), Pelvis outlet (inferior:coccyx)
Shape of pelvic inlet in males and females
Males: heart, Females: ovate
Medial surface b/t the pelvic inlet and outlet
Wll of the pelvic cavity (obturator foramen, greater/lesser sciatic foramina)
2 muscles of the pelvic wall
Piriformis, Obturator internus
Innervation of the piriformis
nerve to piriformis (S1/2)
Origin and nerve to obturator internus
Origin: obturator membrane, nerve: nerve to obturator internus (L5-S2)
What does the piriformis divide the greater sciatic foramen into?
Suprapiriform and infrapiriform foramen
Path of the pudendal nerve
(S2-S4) out of infrapiriform foramen inferior to sciatic nerve, loops of ischial spine, passes medially thru lesser sciatic foramen, b/t sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligs, along inferior margin of obturator internus
Space b/t the sacrospinous and sucrotuberous ligaments, that continues down b/t the obturator internus and the obturator fascia
Pudendal canal
4 muscles of the pelvic diaphragm
Coccygeus, Iliococygeus, Pubococcygeus, Puborectalis
What is the combination of the iliococcygeus, pubococcygeus, and puborectalis called and innervation?
Levator Ani, S3-S4 for all 3 muscles (some pudendal also)
triangular muscle located on the anterior surface of the
sacrospinous ligament to which it is partially fused, and its innervation
Coccygeus, S4-S5
Originates off of the Tendinous arch of the obturator internus and inserts into the coccyx and raphe
Iliococcygeus, S3-S4
Thick, midline raphe of the pelvic diaphragm
Anococcygeal ligament
Arrangement of the levator ani muscles
Iliococcygeus(Posterior), Pubococcygeus (anterior and slighty superior), Puborectalis (medial)
Which muscle forms a sling around the rectum?
Puborectalis
2 spaces defined by the puborectalis
Urogenital hiatus, anal hiatus
Separates the urogential and the anal hiatus
Prerectal fibers
What are the prerectal fibers fused to?
Perineal body
What is the “kink” in the anorectal juncture called?
Rectal sling (Perineal Flexure)
