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Anatomy 2 > Anatomy Middle Mediastinum > Flashcards

Anatomy Middle Mediastinum Flashcards

1
Q

Fibrous sac that surrounds the heart

A

Pericardium

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2
Q

Dense connective tissue cone-shaped bag with its base on the diaphragm and its apex continuous with the adventitia of the great vessels

A

Fibrous pericardium

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3
Q

Attaches the fibrous pericardium to the diaphragm

A

pericardiacophrenic ligament

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4
Q

Attaches the fibrous pericardium to the sternum

A

Sternopericardial ligament

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5
Q

Layers of the serous pericardium

A

Parietal and visceral layers

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6
Q

What layer of the serous pericardium is fused with the fibrous pericardium?

A

Parietal layer of the serous pericardium

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7
Q

What layer of the serous pericardium is fused with the the heart?

A

Visceral layer of the serous pericardium (aka epicardium)

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8
Q

Closed space between the parietal and visceral layer of the serous pericardium

A

Pericardial cavity

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9
Q

Excessive fluid in the pericardial cavity

A

Pericardial effusion

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10
Q

Subdivisions of the pericardial sinus

A

Transverse and oblique

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11
Q

Sinus of the pericardial sac that lies posterior to the ascending the aorta and pulmonary trunk

A

Transverse Sinus

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12
Q

Sinus of the pericardial sac that is J shaped cul-de-sac behind the heart surrounded by reflection of serous pericardium around the right and left pulmonary veins/IVC

A

Oblique sinus

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13
Q

Area for auscultating the mitral valve

A

5th intercostal space 7-9cm from the midline

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14
Q

Anterior surface of the heart and it’s associated portion of the heart

A

Sternocostal and mainly the right ventricle

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15
Q

Inferior surface of the heart and its associated portion of the heart

A

Diaphragmatic and mainly left ventrical (some right)

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16
Q

Portion of the heart that faces the left lung and its associted portion of the heart

A

Left pulmonary and left ventricle

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17
Q

Portion of the heart that faces the right lung and its associated portion of the heart

A

Right pulmonary and right ventricle

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18
Q

Base of the heart and its primary portion of the heart

A

Posterior surface and mainly the left atrium (part of the right)

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19
Q

Margin formed by the right ventricle (small part of the left vent), is the sharp boundary b/t the anterior and diaphragmatic surfaces

A

Inferior (acute) margin

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20
Q

Margin formed primarily by the left ventricle, boundary b/t anterior and left pulmonary surfaces

A

Obtuse margin

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21
Q

Boundary b/t the base and left pulmonary surfaces, formed by the left ventricle and left auricle

A

Left margin

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22
Q

Boundary b/t the sternocostal and right pulmonary surfaces, formed by right atrium

A

Right margin

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23
Q

Which layer of the heart wall contains the conducting system?

A

Endocardium

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24
Q

Sulcus that circles the heart and separates the atria from the ventricles

A

Coronary sulcus

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25
Q

Contents of the coronary sulcus

A

RCA, small cardiac vein, circumflex branch of the LCA, coronary sinus

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26
Q

Demarcates the boundary b/t the left/right ventricles

A

Interventricular sulcus

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27
Q

Contents of the anterior interventricular sulcus

A

Anterior interventricular artery and great cardiac vein

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28
Q

Contents of the posterior interventricular sulcus

A

Posterior intervantricular artery and middle cardiac vein

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29
Q

Spaces of the right atrium

A

Sinus of venae cavae and the atrium proper

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30
Q

Separated by the crista terminalis

A

Sinus of venae cavae and the atrium proper

31
Q

What valve is in the right atrioventricular orifice?

A

Tricuspid

32
Q

Circular depression in the interatrial septum

A

Fossa ovalis

33
Q

Prominent margin of the fossa ovalis

A

Limbus fossae ovalis

34
Q

Ear-like conical muscular pouch

A

Right auricle

35
Q

Muscular ridges on the walls of the inflow portion of the right ventricle

A

Traveculae carneae

36
Q

What separates the inflow/outflow of the right ventricle

A

Supraventricular crest

37
Q

Muscle that attaches to the tricuspid valve

A

Papillary muscles

38
Q

Connects the papillary muscle the the tricuspid valve

A

Chordae Tendineae

39
Q

Largest and most constant papillary muscle

A

Anterior papillary muscle

40
Q

Which papillary muscle extends to the posterior and septal valves of the tricuspid valves?

A

Posterior papillary muscle

41
Q

Isolated band or trabeculae carnae that forms a bridge b/t the base of the anterior pap muscle and IV septum

A

Septomarginal trabecula

42
Q

What does the septmarginal trabecula carry?

A

Right limb of the AV bundle

43
Q

What secures each of the 3 cusps to the

A

Fibrous ring

44
Q

What part of the outflow tract of the right ventricle contains the pulmonary valve?

A

Conus arteriosus

45
Q

What makes up the pulmonary valve?

A

3 semilunar cusps

46
Q

Congential defect in which the tricuspid valve is displaced towards the apex of the heart

A

Ebstein’s anomaly

47
Q

Parts of the Interventricular spetum

A

Muscular part and mebranous part

48
Q

Originates from the right aortic sinus of the ascending aorta

A

Right coronary artery

49
Q

What does the right coronary artery supply?

A

Right atrium/ventricle

50
Q

What does the right coronary atery pass thru?

A

thru the right auricle and pulmonary trunk

51
Q

Branches of the right coronary artery

A

Sinu-atrial nodal branch, right marginal branch, posterior interventricular branch, atrioventricular nodal branch

52
Q

Branch of the RCA that arises off of the acute margin and continues toward the apex of the heart

A

Right marginal branch

53
Q

Branch of the RCA that its continuation onto the posterior surface, lying in the posterior interventricular sulcus

A

Posterior interventricular branch

54
Q

Originates from the left aortic sinus of the ascending aorta

A

Left coronary artery

55
Q

Major branches of the LCA

A

Anterior interventricular branch, circumflex

56
Q

Branch of the LCA that supplies the left ventricular wall

A

Diagonal branch

57
Q

Path of the circumflex branch

A

Goes in the coronary culcus onto the diaphramatic surface of the heart

58
Q

Branch off of the circumflex

A

left arginal artery

59
Q

Most common variation of the coronary arteries

A

Right dominant pattern (posterior interventricular branch originates from RCA)

60
Q

Top 3 sites of coronary artery occlusion

A

Anterior interventricular branch of the LAC, RCA, Circumflex of LCA

61
Q

Where do the cardiac veins empty to?

A

Coronary sinus

62
Q

Path of great cardiac vein

A

Begins at apex, ascends thru anterior interventricular sulcus, is associated with the cricumflex at the coronary sulcus, gradually enlarges to become the coronary sinus

63
Q

Path of middle cardiac vein

A

Begins near apex and ascends within the posterior interventricular sulcus

64
Q

Path of small cardiac vein

A

Begins near the lower anterio section of the coronary sulcus b/t right atrium and right ventricle, accompanies the marginal branch of the RCA along the acute margin

65
Q

Path of posterior cardiac vein

A

On posterior surface of left ventricle, to the left of the middle cardiac vein

66
Q

Location of the SA node

A

superior end of the crista terminalis athe junction of the SVC and the right auricle

67
Q

Location of the AV node

A

Near the opening of the coronary cinus withing the AV septum.

68
Q

Nerve bundle in the membranous portion of the septum

A

Bundle of His (AV bundle)

69
Q

What does the RBB pass thru?

A

Moderator band (septomarginal trabecula)

70
Q

Found between the endocardium and the myocardium and is formed by Purkinje fibers continuous with the BBs

A

Subendocardial plexus

71
Q

Parasymp to the heart

A

Vagus nerve

72
Q

Symp to the heart

A

T1-4

73
Q

Where are the heart’s pain nerve endings?

A

Deep myocardium

Anatomy 2 (10 decks)

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