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Anatomy 2 > Anatomy Middle Mediastinum > Flashcards

Anatomy Middle Mediastinum Flashcards

1
Q

Fibrous sac that surrounds the heart

A

Pericardium

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2
Q

Dense connective tissue cone-shaped bag with its base on the diaphragm and its apex continuous with the adventitia of the great vessels

A

Fibrous pericardium

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3
Q

Attaches the fibrous pericardium to the diaphragm

A

pericardiacophrenic ligament

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4
Q

Attaches the fibrous pericardium to the sternum

A

Sternopericardial ligament

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5
Q

Layers of the serous pericardium

A

Parietal and visceral layers

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6
Q

What layer of the serous pericardium is fused with the fibrous pericardium?

A

Parietal layer of the serous pericardium

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7
Q

What layer of the serous pericardium is fused with the the heart?

A

Visceral layer of the serous pericardium (aka epicardium)

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8
Q

Closed space between the parietal and visceral layer of the serous pericardium

A

Pericardial cavity

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9
Q

Excessive fluid in the pericardial cavity

A

Pericardial effusion

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10
Q

Subdivisions of the pericardial sinus

A

Transverse and oblique

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11
Q

Sinus of the pericardial sac that lies posterior to the ascending the aorta and pulmonary trunk

A

Transverse Sinus

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12
Q

Sinus of the pericardial sac that is J shaped cul-de-sac behind the heart surrounded by reflection of serous pericardium around the right and left pulmonary veins/IVC

A

Oblique sinus

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13
Q

Area for auscultating the mitral valve

A

5th intercostal space 7-9cm from the midline

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14
Q

Anterior surface of the heart and it’s associated portion of the heart

A

Sternocostal and mainly the right ventricle

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15
Q

Inferior surface of the heart and its associated portion of the heart

A

Diaphragmatic and mainly left ventrical (some right)

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16
Q

Portion of the heart that faces the left lung and its associted portion of the heart

A

Left pulmonary and left ventricle

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17
Q

Portion of the heart that faces the right lung and its associated portion of the heart

A

Right pulmonary and right ventricle

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18
Q

Base of the heart and its primary portion of the heart

A

Posterior surface and mainly the left atrium (part of the right)

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19
Q

Margin formed by the right ventricle (small part of the left vent), is the sharp boundary b/t the anterior and diaphragmatic surfaces

A

Inferior (acute) margin

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20
Q

Margin formed primarily by the left ventricle, boundary b/t anterior and left pulmonary surfaces

A

Obtuse margin

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21
Q

Boundary b/t the base and left pulmonary surfaces, formed by the left ventricle and left auricle

A

Left margin

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22
Q

Boundary b/t the sternocostal and right pulmonary surfaces, formed by right atrium

A

Right margin

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23
Q

Which layer of the heart wall contains the conducting system?

A

Endocardium

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24
Q

Sulcus that circles the heart and separates the atria from the ventricles

A

Coronary sulcus

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25
Contents of the coronary sulcus
RCA, small cardiac vein, circumflex branch of the LCA, coronary sinus
26
Demarcates the boundary b/t the left/right ventricles
Interventricular sulcus
27
Contents of the anterior interventricular sulcus
Anterior interventricular artery and great cardiac vein
28
Contents of the posterior interventricular sulcus
Posterior intervantricular artery and middle cardiac vein
29
Spaces of the right atrium
Sinus of venae cavae and the atrium proper
30
Separated by the crista terminalis
Sinus of venae cavae and the atrium proper
31
What valve is in the right atrioventricular orifice?
Tricuspid
32
Circular depression in the interatrial septum
Fossa ovalis
33
Prominent margin of the fossa ovalis
Limbus fossae ovalis
34
Ear-like conical muscular pouch
Right auricle
35
Muscular ridges on the walls of the inflow portion of the right ventricle
Traveculae carneae
36
What separates the inflow/outflow of the right ventricle
Supraventricular crest
37
Muscle that attaches to the tricuspid valve
Papillary muscles
38
Connects the papillary muscle the the tricuspid valve
Chordae Tendineae
39
Largest and most constant papillary muscle
Anterior papillary muscle
40
Which papillary muscle extends to the posterior and septal valves of the tricuspid valves?
Posterior papillary muscle
41
Isolated band or trabeculae carnae that forms a bridge b/t the base of the anterior pap muscle and IV septum
Septomarginal trabecula
42
What does the septmarginal trabecula carry?
Right limb of the AV bundle
43
What secures each of the 3 cusps to the
Fibrous ring
44
What part of the outflow tract of the right ventricle contains the pulmonary valve?
Conus arteriosus
45
What makes up the pulmonary valve?
3 semilunar cusps
46
Congential defect in which the tricuspid valve is displaced towards the apex of the heart
Ebstein's anomaly
47
Parts of the Interventricular spetum
Muscular part and mebranous part
48
Originates from the right aortic sinus of the ascending aorta
Right coronary artery
49
What does the right coronary artery supply?
Right atrium/ventricle
50
What does the right coronary atery pass thru?
thru the right auricle and pulmonary trunk
51
Branches of the right coronary artery
Sinu-atrial nodal branch, right marginal branch, posterior interventricular branch, atrioventricular nodal branch
52
Branch of the RCA that arises off of the acute margin and continues toward the apex of the heart
Right marginal branch
53
Branch of the RCA that its continuation onto the posterior surface, lying in the posterior interventricular sulcus
Posterior interventricular branch
54
Originates from the left aortic sinus of the ascending aorta
Left coronary artery
55
Major branches of the LCA
Anterior interventricular branch, circumflex
56
Branch of the LCA that supplies the left ventricular wall
Diagonal branch
57
Path of the circumflex branch
Goes in the coronary culcus onto the diaphramatic surface of the heart
58
Branch off of the circumflex
left arginal artery
59
Most common variation of the coronary arteries
Right dominant pattern (posterior interventricular branch originates from RCA)
60
Top 3 sites of coronary artery occlusion
Anterior interventricular branch of the LAC, RCA, Circumflex of LCA
61
Where do the cardiac veins empty to?
Coronary sinus
62
Path of great cardiac vein
Begins at apex, ascends thru anterior interventricular sulcus, is associated with the cricumflex at the coronary sulcus, gradually enlarges to become the coronary sinus
63
Path of middle cardiac vein
Begins near apex and ascends within the posterior interventricular sulcus
64
Path of small cardiac vein
Begins near the lower anterio section of the coronary sulcus b/t right atrium and right ventricle, accompanies the marginal branch of the RCA along the acute margin
65
Path of posterior cardiac vein
On posterior surface of left ventricle, to the left of the middle cardiac vein
66
Location of the SA node
superior end of the crista terminalis athe junction of the SVC and the right auricle
67
Location of the AV node
Near the opening of the coronary cinus withing the AV septum.
68
Nerve bundle in the membranous portion of the septum
Bundle of His (AV bundle)
69
What does the RBB pass thru?
Moderator band (septomarginal trabecula)
70
Found between the endocardium and the myocardium and is formed by Purkinje fibers continuous with the BBs
Subendocardial plexus
71
Parasymp to the heart
Vagus nerve
72
Symp to the heart
T1-4
73
Where are the heart's pain nerve endings?
Deep myocardium

Anatomy 2 (10 decks)

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