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Anatomy Unit 1 > Thoracic and Abdominal Walls > Flashcards

Thoracic and Abdominal Walls Flashcards

1
Q

What is the surface anatomy of the Thorax? (include spinal levels)

A
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2
Q

There are how many ribs?

A

10

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3
Q

The first rib is unique. Why?

A

It does not have costal cartilage.

Rigid, no movement.

Hidden by the Clavicle

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4
Q

What develops in the breast as the breast grows?

A

Glandular system develops as breast grows in puberty.

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5
Q

Name the four tissue types of the female breast.

A
  1. Glandular
  2. Connective tissue
  3. Fat
  4. Vascular Structure
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6
Q

What glandular tissue connect the glands to the nipple of the female breast?

A

Lactiferous Ducts.

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7
Q

What connective tissue holds the female breast upright and taught?

A

Suspensatory Ligaments.

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8
Q

What are the names or structures within the breast?

Nipple, blood supply, Lymphatic Drainage.

A

Nipple–Areola.

Blood–Internal thoracic artery. (Medial mammary branches)

Lateral thoracic artery (Lateral mammary branches)

Lymph–Bilateral auxillary nodes in the armpits.

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9
Q

What are the parts of the sternum?

A

Manubrium –Jugular notch (T2-T3)

Body–Sternal Angle (T4-T5)

Xiphoid Process (T8-T9)

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10
Q

Name the three types of costals and why they have that name.

A

True costals (1-7) Individual cartilage section

False costals (8-10) Share cartilage with rib above it.

Floating costals (11-12) No cartilage.

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11
Q

Name the different features of a costal bone. 7

A
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12
Q

What is the name of cartilage in ribs and what type of cartilage is it?

A

Costal Cartilage.

Hyaline Cartilage.

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13
Q

How does the rib articulate with the vertebra?

A
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14
Q
A
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15
Q

Innervation and action of pectoralis major.

A
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16
Q
A

Pectoralis Minor

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17
Q

Attachments, Innervation and Action of pectoralis minor

A

Attachments:
Ribs
Scapula (Coracoid Process)

Innervation:
Medial Pectoral nerve/s

Action:
Scapular stabilization
Some protraction (Pulls scapula forward and pushes arms forward.)

18
Q

Attachments of Pectoralis Major

A

Sternum

Clavicle

Humerus

19
Q

What is the purpose of the twisting motion of the pectoralis major?

A

Twisting keeps things from crushing us.

20
Q

What is the cartilage structure of the joints connecting ribs and vertebra?

A

Fibrocartilage disc in the join.

Hyaline cartilage over bones.

21
Q

Describe the innervation path to both Pectoralis major and minor.

A

Lateral Pectoral Nerve goes to P. Major only.

Medial Pectoral Nerve goes to both P. Major and Minor.

22
Q
A

Subclavius Muscle

23
Q

Attachments

Innervation

Action

of Subclavius Muscle

A
  1. Attachments–1st rib, Middle 1/3 of clavicle
  2. Innervation–Nerve to the subclavius
  3. Action–Anchors clavicle–maybe. We don’t really know.
24
Q
A

Serratus Anterior

25
Q

Serratus Anterior

Attachment

Innervation

Action

A
  1. Attachment–Ribs, Medial boarder of scapula
  2. Innervation–Long Thoracic Nerve (Nerve on the outside of the muscle. ) C5-7 (5, 6, 7, Spread your wings and go to heaven.)
  3. Action–Protracts the scapula and holds it againg the thoracic wall. (Runs under scapula to vertebral edge. Holds scapula down.)
26
Q

Winging scapula causes

A

Weak serratus anterior

Damage to long thoracic nerve. (Also causes innability to raise arms above 90 degrees.)

27
Q

Intercostal Muscles

Function

Names

A
  1. Between adjacent ribs
    Prevent “bowing” of thorax during breathing.
  2. External
    Hands in front pocket
  3. Internal
    Hands in back pocket
28
Q

Interior intercostal Muscles

What are they?
What do they do?

A

1.Transverse Thoracis
Sternum – ribs
Weak expiration
Actions
Raise ribs
Inspiration

2.Innermost Intercostal muscles
Lower ribs
Expiration

29
Q

Intercostal space

Where is it?

What is there?

A

It’s the space under the costal groove and just above the superior part of the costal.

V-A-N

Intercostal Vein.

Intercostal Artery, (From aorta)

Intercostal Neuron

30
Q

Adbominal Wall Surface features.

A

Rectus Abdominus

Tendinous insertions.

External oblique

Anterior, superior iliac spine

Linea alba

Linea semilunaris

31
Q
A

Subclavian Vein

Big vein on top of lung on model.

32
Q
A

1, Skin-Thick

  1. Superficial fascia –Camper’s fascia (like a pillow)
  2. Superficial fascia–Scarpa’s fascia
  3. Deep fascia
  4. Transversalis fascia
  5. Subserous fascia
  6. Peritoneum–Under abs, holds in organs.
33
Q

Functions and Innervation of Musculature of abdominal wall

A

Functions: Support and protection

Trunk flexion, lateral bending of vertebral column.

Increasing intra-abdominal pressure

Innervation: Intercostal nerves (7-11)

Subcostal (T12)

34
Q
A

Rectus abdominus

External oblique

Internal oblique

Transversus abdominis

Inguinal ligament

Rectus sheath

Tedinous Intersections

Linea Alba

35
Q

Rectus Abdominus

Features and attachments

A

“Straight” muscle of abdomen (most anterior)

Pubis to Xyphoid and cartilages of ribs 5-7

Tendinous intersections. (Divide abs)

Extend laterally from linea alba

Linea semilunaris

36
Q

External Oblique

Featurs and connections 4

A

Forms inguinal ligament (Divides pelvis from legs–fascia)

Attached from ASIS to pubic tubercle.

Aponeurosis contributes to rectus sheath (Surround abs, hold tight to ab cavity.) Contributes coverings to inguinal canal

Fibers arranged in same direction as external intercostals.

37
Q

Internal Oblique

Features and Connections 3

A

Forms portion of inguinal canal

Forms portion of rectus sheath

Contributes to coverings of permatic cord/fascia

38
Q

Transverse Abdominus

Features and Connections (4)

A

Forms portion of inguinal canal

Provides coverings of testis and spermatic cord

Fibers arranged in transverse fashion

Blood vessels and nerves travel between this muscle and internal abdominal oblique.

39
Q

Rectus sheath–how does it cover the abominus rectus?

A

Completely encloses up 3/4 rectus abdominus

Covers only Anterior surface to lower 1/4 muscle

40
Q

End of posterior layer of rectus sheath.

A

Arcuate Line

Anatomy Unit 1 (13 decks)

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