Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy Unit 1 > Histology--Epithelial Tissue > Flashcards

Histology--Epithelial Tissue Flashcards

0
Q

Epithelial functions

A

Regulate molecular movement
Environmental info w/ nervous tissue
Physical protection
Production of specialized secretions. (Endocrine. Exocrine gland)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Epithelial is found where?

A

In lining and glandular tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Two types of epithelial tissue

A

Simple–single layer

Stratified–two or more layers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

4 Epithelial features

A

Polarity
Apical surface-Lines Lumen
Lateral surface-attaches to adjacent cells
Basal surface-attaches to basement membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe the basal lamina (5 things)

A 
Basement membrane...
Layer between epithelium and ct
Attached epithelium to ct
Regulates movement of material from epith to ct
Induces epithelial polarity
Composed of proteins--collagen.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Four Tissue Types

A 
Epithelia
     Linine Tissue and glands
Connective
     Proper, Fluid, Structural
Muscle (excitable)
     Smooth, cardiac, skeletal
Nervous (excitable)
     Neurons and glial cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Microvilli specialization

A

Absorption and Secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Stereocilia specialization

A

Long microvilli, commonly found in the inner ear, Nervous system and orientation
have an extra moveable end

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Ciliated Epithelium specialization

A

Moves substances over the apical surfaces of the cells,(respiratory tract)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

4 Features of Microvilli

A

Increase surface area
Absorption! (no movement)
Fingerlike folds of apical cell membrane (actin filaments to stay erect)
Small, not visible with light microscope (brush border)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

4 Features of Cilia

A

Visible with a light microscope.
Respiratory tract
Core of microtubules, centriole at base (basal body)
Mobile (movement of material across surface in waves)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

4 Classifications of Cell Shapes of Epithelia

A

Squamous flat
Cuboidal cube
Columnar taller than wide
Transitional urinary only–flexible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

4 Classification of Epithelial Layers

A

Simple single
Stratified multi
Pseudostratified single layer appearing to be stratified.
Transitional multi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe Location/Function Simple Squamous Epithelium

A

Very delicate cells
Locations–Lining body cavities, heart, blood vessels
Function–Reduces friction, Absorbs and secretes material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe Location/Function Stratified Squamous Epithelium

A

Location–Surface of skin, High friction areas Lines: Mouth, Esophagus, Anus, Vagina
Function–Protection (Many layers so outer layers can fall off)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe Location/Function Cuboidal Epithelium

A

Location–Thryoid gland, ducts, kidney tubules

Function–Secretion, Absorption

17
Q

Describe Location/Function Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

A

Location–Ducts of Sweat glands

Function–Secretion, Absorption

18
Q

Describe Location/Function Simple Columnar Epithelium

A

Location–Lining: Stomach, intestines, uterine tubes

Function–Secretion, absorption, protection

19
Q

Describe Location/Function Stratified Columnar Epithelium

A

Location–Pharynx, epiglottis, mammary glands, salivary glands
Function–Protection

20
Q

Describe Location/Function Pseudstratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium

A

Nucleus situated at different levels
Location: Nasal cavity, trachea, bronchi
Function: Protection, secretion

21
Q

Describe Location/Function Transitional Epithelium

A

Many Layers
Combination of cuboidal and “odd” shaped cells
Location: Urinary bladder
Function: Ability to stretch extensively

22
Q

Glandular Epithelium–3 Anatomic Classifications

A

Unicellular (goblet cell)
Endocrine (Ductless) product release in blood stream
Exocrine (Duct) product released to the world

23
Q

Glandular Epithelium–2 Classifications based on secretions

A

Serous (protein)

Mucous (Polysaccharide)

24
Q

Three types of Classification Schemes for Glandular Epithelium

A
  1. Anatomic Classification
  2. Classification based on secretions
  3. Mechanisms of Secretion
25
Q

The difference between simple gland and compound glands in glandular epithelia classification

A

Simple gland–does not have branching ducts

Compound gland–has various branching ducts

26
Q

Three secretory mechanisms of glands

A

Merocrine
Apocrine
Holocrine

27
Q

Method of Merocrine secretion

A

Exocytosis–Goblet cells.

Secretion oozes out and cell remains intact.

28
Q

Method of Apocrine secretion

A

Apical portion of cell is lost (cytoplasm) and regrown. Mammary glands

29
Q

Method of Holocrine secretion

A

Bursting of glandular cell. Entire cell is lost. Sebaceous glands

30
Q

Name the tissue type
Locations: Endothelium of vasculature
Bowman’s capsule in kidney
Respiratory spaces in lungs

Functions: Exchange barrier (gases, nutrients, etc)

A

Simple Squamous Epithelium

31
Q

Name the tissue type
Locations: Small ducts of exocrine glands
Kidney tubules

Functions: Absorption and secretion into and out of lumen
Barrier

A

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

32
Q

Name the tissue type
Locations: Lining of gastrointestinal tract (stomach, small intestine, colon)

Functions: Absorption and secretion

Characteristics: Brush border microvilli

A

Simple Columnar Epithelium

Brush border microvilli–Dark band along apical surface, increases surface area for absorption

33
Q

Name the tissue type
Locations: Trachea and bronchial tree, Ductus deferens in male reproductive system, Epididymis in male reproductive system,Respiratory tract

Functions: Secretion and absorption, Cilia push out mucus and debris

Specific characteristics: Cilia on apical surface, Goblet cells secret mucous into lument

A

Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

34
Q

Name the tissue type
Location: External surfaces of the body

Function: Barrier and protection

A

Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium

35
Q

Name the tissue type
Location: Covers moist cavities (mouth, pharynx, esophagus, vagina, and anal canal)

Functions: Barrier and protection

A

Non-Keratined Stratified Squamous Epithelium

36
Q

Name and describe the layers of Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium in the hand

A

Stratum Basale–bottom layer of cells; mitotic activity to produce more cells
Stratum Spinosum–Deep to granulosum, contains nuclei
Stratum Granulosum–Very dark thinner layer where keratin is added killing the cells thus waterproofing the cell and covering the nucleus
Stratum Lucidum–Milky white layer only found in thick skin (soles of foot and palm of hand)
Stratum Corneum–Outermost layer made of dead cells filled with keratin; very thick

37
Q

What layers are non-keratined stratified squamous epithelium missing

A 
Non-keratined stratified squamous epithelium is missing:
Stratum granulosum (no keratin)
Stratum Spinosum (skin is not thick)
38
Q

Name the tissue type
Cells contain nuclei throughout
Basal cells are more mitoctically active and are more cuboidal in shape.
Cells become more squamous as they migrate toward apical surface

A

Non-Keratined Stratified Squamous Epithelium

39
Q

Name the tissue type
Location: Ureters, urinary bladder, urethra

Function: Barrier, Distensibility (streches)

Characteristics: When relaxed cells are cuboidal shaped; when distended cells are squamous, binucleated cells, Apical surface has cloudy/pillowy appearance

A

Transitional Epithelium

Anatomy Unit 1 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions