Thinking RVS

Question 1

the manipulation of mental representations of information

Answer 1

Thinking

Question 2

representations in the mind of an object or event

Answer 2

mental images

Question 3

a mental grouping of similar objects events or people

Answer 3

concept

Question 4

typical highly represantative examples of a concept

Answer 4

prototype

Question 5

form of reasoning in which people draw a conclusion from a set of assumptions

Answer 5

Syllogistic reasoning

Question 6

rule that if applied appropriately guarantees a solution to a problem

Answer 6

algorithm

Question 7

thinking strategy that may lead us to a solution to a problem or decision but unlike algorithm s may sometimes lead to errors

Answer 7

Heuristic

Question 8

involves repeated test for differences between the desired outcome and what currently exist

Answer 8

means ends analysis

Question 9

a sudden awareness of the relationship among various elements that previously appear to be independent of 1 another

Answer 9

insight

Question 10

the tendency to think of an object only in terms of the typical use

Answer 10

functional fixedness

Question 11

the tendency for old patterns of problem solving to persist

Answer 11

Mental set

Question 12

the tendency to seek out and way more heavily information that supports ones initial hypothesis and to ignore contradictory information that supports alternative hypothesis or solutions

Answer 12

Confirmation bias

Question 13

the ability to generate original ideas or soft problems in novel ways

Answer 13

creativity

Question 14

the ability to generate unusual yet none the less appropriate responses to problems or questions

Answer 14

divergent thinking

Question 15

your ability to produce responses that are based primarily on knowledge and logic

Answer 15

convergent thinking

Question 16

the communication of information through symbols arranged according to systematic rules

Answer 16

language

Question 17

a system of rules the determine how are thoughts can be expressed

Answer 17

grammar

Question 18

the study of the smallest units of speech called phonemes

Answer 18

phonology

Question 19

the smallest unit the speech

Answer 19

Phonemes

Question 20

ways in which words and phrases can be combined to form sentences

Answer 20

syntax

Question 21

the rules governing the meaning of words in sentences

Answer 21

semantics

Question 22

meaningless speech like sound made by children from around the age of 3 months through 1 year

Answer 22

Babble

Question 23

sentences in which words not critical to the message are left out

Answer 23

Telegraphic speech

Question 24

phenomena by which children apply language rules even when the application result in an error

Answer 24

Overgeneralization

Question 25

approach to language development theory that language acquisition follows the principles of reinforcement and condition

Answer 25

learning theory

Question 26

to language development theory that a genetically determined innate mechanism directs language development

Answer 26

nativist approach

Question 27

Noam Chomsky’s theory that all the world languages share a common underlying structure

Answer 27

Universal grammar

Question 28

a system of the brain hypothesized by Noam Chomsky to permit understanding of language

Answer 28

Language acquisition device

Question 29

to language development view that language development is produced through a combination of genetically determined predispositions environmental circumstances that help teach language

Answer 29

internationalist approach

Question 30

notion that language shapes and they determine the way people at a particular culture perceive and understand the world

Answer 30

linguistic relativity hypothesis