Thinking & Intelligence

Question 1

What are the 3 general public factors that contribute to general factors for “intelligence”?

Answer 1

1. Verbal Ability 2. Practical Problem Solving Abilities 3. Social Competence

Question 2

Former theories about intelligence have been poorly defined b/c of?

Answer 2

its constructs do not directly measure intelligence

Question 3

____, ability to reason abstractly in novel environments & situations

Answer 3

Fluid Intelligence

Question 4

How do we measure intelligence?

Answer 4

Psychometrics, IQ Test, Raven Matrices, WAIS, etc.

Question 5

What 2 things is working memory store composed of?

Answer 5

1. Short-term Memory 2. Attentional System

Question 6

___, the component of the working memory system that holds information coming from sensory memory & long term memory

Answer 6

Short-term Memory

Question 7

___, ones ability to control attention is related to ones potential to reason abstractly

Answer 7

Attention-Intelligence

Question 8

In dealing with attention-intelligence, the constructs related to ‘intelligence” are latent variables b/c why?

Answer 8

they are not directly observable

Question 9

___, a humans control over a continued set of behaviors, cognitive processes, or goals

Answer 9

Attention

Question 10

What are the 2 key properties of attention?

Answer 10

Selective & Limited Attentions

Question 11

Which of the 2 key properties of attention is how the mental focus can be (but not always) intentionally directed?

Answer 11

Selective Attention

Question 12

Which of the 2 key properties of attention is how cognitive processing cannot occur for all stimuli simultaneously?

Answer 12

Limited Attention

Question 13

Tasks that measure working memory capacity (WMC) reliably reflect ones ability to ___

Answer 13

Control Attention

Question 14

___, works in conjunction with attentional processes (controlled attention) b/c attention is directed to information while it is actively being manipulated in our working memory

Answer 14

Working Memory & Intelligence

Question 15

___ task requires that individuals focus on one primary task & goal (e.g., simple digit, word span)

Answer 15

SingleTtask

Question 16

___ task requires individuals switch between 2 tasks & its goals (e.g., OSPAN, RSPAN) & extra processing

Answer 16

Dual Task

Question 17

What 2 dual task test seem to measure an important aspect of real-world high-level cognition (thinking)?

Answer 17

OSPAN & RSPAN

Question 18

Which of the 2 dual task test made individuals remember symbols that appeared in a box then were told to say out loud whether or not the math equation is true or false?

Answer 18

OSPAN

Question 19

___, measures interference through the use of incongruent colored words (say the color & not the word)

Answer 19

Stroop Task

Question 20

In the ___ trials the colored words matched the color & had a 75% achieving rate

Answer 20

Congruent Trials

Question 21

In the ___ trials the colored words did not match the color & had a 25% achieving rate

Answer 21

Incongruent Trials

Question 22

According to the Stroop Task, low span individuals were significantly less accurate than high span individuals b/c why?

Answer 22

The manipulation increased goal neglect for low span individuals

Question 23

___, pupils tend to dilate when mental effort is exerted or when processing load is increased

Answer 23

Task-Evoked Pupil Dilations

Question 24

In task-evoked pupil dilation ___ = high span individuals & ___ = low span individuals

Answer 24

Undilated Pupils & Dilated Pupils