Long Term Memory Functions

Question 1

What are the 2 types of info stored in LTM?

Answer 1

Declarative & Non-Declarative

Question 2

Which of the 2 types of info stored in LTM is knowledge that can be retrieved & reflected on consciously (explicit memory/ inner conscious)?

Answer 2

Declarative

Question 3

Which of the 2 types of info stored in LTM is knowledge that can unconsciously influence our thoughts and behaviors (implicit memory/ non-conscious)?

Answer 3

Non-Declarative

Question 4

Of the 2 types of info stored in LTM Declarative has 2 types what are they?

Answer 4

Semantic & Episodic

Question 5

Of the 2 types of info stored in LTM Declarative has 2 types which one is (facts) meanings; concepts that shape our general knowledge about the world around us?

Answer 5

Semantic

Question 6

Of the 2 types of info stored in LTM Declarative has 2 types which one is (events) from our experiences & past events?

Answer 6

Episodic

Question 7

Of the 2 types of info stored in LTM Non-Declarative has 5 types what are they?

Answer 7

Procedural Skills, Priming, Conditioning, Habituation, & Sensitization

Question 8

Of the 2 types of info stored in LTM Non-Declarative which of the 5 types is memory for our actions, skills & operations (motor- biking, perceptual- reading & cognitive- multiplication)?

Answer 8

Procedural Skills

Question 9

Of the 2 types of info stored in LTM Non-Declarative which of the 5 types facilitates in the detection or recognition of a stimulus by using prior knowledge or info (Ex. think of a fruit “apple” now think of a computer “apple inc.”)?

Answer 9

Priming

Question 10

Of the 2 types of info stored in LTM Non-Declarative which of the 5 types is unconsciously prepping process where info from the brain is sent to the body for an automatic response?

Answer 10

Conditioning

Question 11

Of the 2 types of info stored in LTM Non-Declarative which of the 5 types is a non-associative memory that gradually reduces the orienting response back to baseline (Ex. person tapping, annoys you but then you forget it)?

Answer 11

Habituation

Question 12

Of the 2 types of info stored in LTM Non-Declarative which of the 5 types is a Non-associative memory that has gradual incline in the orienting response that exceeds a threshold (Ex. baby crying then eventually it doesn’t bother you)?

Answer 12

Sensitization

Question 13

What are the 5 applied principles of LTM?

Answer 13

1) Object Type- memory strength ( concrete vs abstract), 2) New info interferes with older info, 3) Recognition is easier than recall, 4) Human’s remember only what they need to function, 5) People remember things best in the context they first learn the info

Question 14

In dealing with the object type memory strength (concrete vs abstract) of LTM who asked people to recall 1 of 3 lists of pics, concrete words & abstract words?

Answer 14

Pavio (1971)

Question 15

In dealing with the object type memory strength (concrete vs abstract) of LTM Pavio (1971) discovered that people remember best with pics then concrete words & least w/ abstract words leading to what?

Answer 15

Dual-Coding

Question 16

In dealing with the object type memory strength (concrete vs abstract) which 2 people demonstrated how organization affects how likely you are to recall items?

Answer 16

Bousfield (1953) & Bower (1969)

Question 17

In dealing with the object type memory strength (concrete vs abstract) who experimented by memorizing words from 4 different categories: animals, names, vegetables, & professions?

Answer 17

Bousfield (1953)

Question 18

In dealing with the object type memory strength (concrete vs abstract) who experimented by having participants remember minerals presented at 1 of 4 levels of organization?

Answer 18

Bower (1969)

Question 19

In dealing with new info interfering with older info who experimented b/t decay vs interference by making people remember 4 nonsense words then letting them either immediately sleep or continue daily lives?

Answer 19

Jenkins & Dallenbach (1924)

Question 20

In dealing with new info interfering with older info Jenkins & Dallenbach (1924) proved that it is more so interference or decay when trying to retrieve info?

Answer 20

Interference

Question 21

____ is forgetting due to spontaneous decomposition of memories over time

Answer 21

Decay

Question 22

____ is forgetting due to retrieval failures caused by interference of other material

Answer 22

Interference

Question 23

In dealing with how people remember things best in the context they first learn the info, what is it when info is encoded into a richer representation, one that includes the context an item was in during encoding (Ex. if you’re taking a test in a quiet room, you should study in a quiet room)?

Answer 23

Encoding Specificity