Long Term Memory Functions Flashcards
What are the 2 types of info stored in LTM?
Declarative & Non-Declarative
Which of the 2 types of info stored in LTM is knowledge that can be retrieved & reflected on consciously (explicit memory/ inner conscious)?
Declarative
Which of the 2 types of info stored in LTM is knowledge that can unconsciously influence our thoughts and behaviors (implicit memory/ non-conscious)?
Non-Declarative
Of the 2 types of info stored in LTM Declarative has 2 types what are they?
Semantic & Episodic
Of the 2 types of info stored in LTM Declarative has 2 types which one is (facts) meanings; concepts that shape our general knowledge about the world around us?
Semantic
Of the 2 types of info stored in LTM Declarative has 2 types which one is (events) from our experiences & past events?
Episodic
Of the 2 types of info stored in LTM Non-Declarative has 5 types what are they?
Procedural Skills, Priming, Conditioning, Habituation, & Sensitization
Of the 2 types of info stored in LTM Non-Declarative which of the 5 types is memory for our actions, skills & operations (motor- biking, perceptual- reading & cognitive- multiplication)?
Procedural Skills
Of the 2 types of info stored in LTM Non-Declarative which of the 5 types facilitates in the detection or recognition of a stimulus by using prior knowledge or info (Ex. think of a fruit “apple” now think of a computer “apple inc.”)?
Priming
Of the 2 types of info stored in LTM Non-Declarative which of the 5 types is unconsciously prepping process where info from the brain is sent to the body for an automatic response?
Conditioning
Of the 2 types of info stored in LTM Non-Declarative which of the 5 types is a non-associative memory that gradually reduces the orienting response back to baseline (Ex. person tapping, annoys you but then you forget it)?
Habituation
Of the 2 types of info stored in LTM Non-Declarative which of the 5 types is a Non-associative memory that has gradual incline in the orienting response that exceeds a threshold (Ex. baby crying then eventually it doesn’t bother you)?
Sensitization
What are the 5 applied principles of LTM?
1) Object Type- memory strength ( concrete vs abstract), 2) New info interferes with older info, 3) Recognition is easier than recall, 4) Human’s remember only what they need to function, 5) People remember things best in the context they first learn the info
In dealing with the object type memory strength (concrete vs abstract) of LTM who asked people to recall 1 of 3 lists of pics, concrete words & abstract words?
Pavio (1971)
In dealing with the object type memory strength (concrete vs abstract) of LTM Pavio (1971) discovered that people remember best with pics then concrete words & least w/ abstract words leading to what?
Dual-Coding
In dealing with the object type memory strength (concrete vs abstract) which 2 people demonstrated how organization affects how likely you are to recall items?
Bousfield (1953) & Bower (1969)
In dealing with the object type memory strength (concrete vs abstract) who experimented by memorizing words from 4 different categories: animals, names, vegetables, & professions?
Bousfield (1953)
In dealing with the object type memory strength (concrete vs abstract) who experimented by having participants remember minerals presented at 1 of 4 levels of organization?
Bower (1969)
In dealing with new info interfering with older info who experimented b/t decay vs interference by making people remember 4 nonsense words then letting them either immediately sleep or continue daily lives?
Jenkins & Dallenbach (1924)
In dealing with new info interfering with older info Jenkins & Dallenbach (1924) proved that it is more so interference or decay when trying to retrieve info?
Interference
____ is forgetting due to spontaneous decomposition of memories over time
Decay
____ is forgetting due to retrieval failures caused by interference of other material
Interference
In dealing with how people remember things best in the context they first learn the info, what is it when info is encoded into a richer representation, one that includes the context an item was in during encoding (Ex. if you’re taking a test in a quiet room, you should study in a quiet room)?
Encoding Specificity
