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Step 2 > Things I need to know better...day 3 > Flashcards

Things I need to know better...day 3 Flashcards

1
Q

History of cervical spine issues + trauma –> bilateral arm weakness. What happened?

A

Central cord syndrome (decussating lateral spinothalamic tracts obstructed)

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2
Q

How is impetigo treated?

A

Topical antibiotic…like mupirocin

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3
Q

Patient has pain and swelling over coccyx. What is likely going on?

A

Pilonidal disease

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4
Q

What is seen on MRI with MS?

A

Multiple, bilateral, and asymmetric hyperintensive lesions in the periventricular white matter

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5
Q

What is enthesitis? What is associated with it?

A

Enthesitis is inflammation/tenderness of tendon/bone junctions

HLA-B27 arthropathies…like ankylosing spondylitis

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6
Q

Patient presentation makes you go “Tay-Sachs”…then it says hepatosplenomegaly. Now what do you think?

A

Niemann-Pick disease (sphingomyelinase deficiency)

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7
Q

What is chronic HBV treated with?

A

Tenofovir

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8
Q

A study loses a lot of its participants. What kind of bias is this?

A

Attrition bias…a form of selection bias

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9
Q

What drug that is used to treat benign essential tremors can cause colicky abdominal pain, confusion, headaches, hallucinations, and dizziness?

A

Primidone

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10
Q

Youngish patient has recurrent hematuria 4 days after a URI starts. What is going on?

A

IgA nephropathy

Post-infectious GN starts 10-21 days after infection…usually in kids

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11
Q

What causes Graft Versus Host Disease?

A

Donor T lymphocytes

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12
Q

Patient had right-sided weakness and is now comatose…exam finds a constricted, non-reactive right pupil and decreased right-sided reflexes. What is going on?

A

Left basal ganglia hemorrhage

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13
Q

What is seen on funduscopy of diabetic retinopathy?

A

Microaneurysms
Dot and blot hemorrhages
Hard exudates
Macular edema

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14
Q

Patient has history of rheumatic fever and has mitral stenosis. What should be done?

A

Penicillin G every 4 weeks

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15
Q

Young kid has conjunctivitis, oral mucosa (or mouth) changes, and cervical lymphadenopathy. What is going on?

A

Kawasaki…palm/sole desquamation is a late finding

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16
Q

What can be used to treat syphilis in penicillin allergic patients?

A

Doxycycline

17
Q

What can aid in the passing of a kidney stone?

A

Fluids
Analgesics
Alpha-blocker (tamsulosin)

18
Q

Person has step-wise dementia and cerebral symptoms. What is going on?

A

Vascular dementia

19
Q

What can make it so potassium won’t replenish despite supplementation?

A

Hypomagnesemia

20
Q

A person is found after traveling and doesn’t know who they are, where they are, or what they are doing. What is going on?

A

Dissociative fugue

21
Q

Person has chronic fatty stools…later has bleeding issues. What is going on?

A

Vitamin K deficiency –> II, VII, IX, X, C, and S defciency

22
Q

Malnutrition + angular cheilosis, stomatitis, glossitis, normocytic anemia, and seborrheic keratitis. What is deficient?

A

B2…riboflavin

23
Q

How is dermatitis herpetiformis treated?

A

Dapsone

24
Q

Patient has GBS based off of clinical presentation. What should be done next?

A

PFTs

25
Q

What can maternal hyperglycemia in the first trimester cause?

A

Congenital heart defects
Neural tube defects
Small left colon syndrome
Spontaneous abortion

26
Q

What can maternal hyperglycemia in the 2nd/3rd trimester cause?

A

Increased metabolic demand –> hypoxia
Organomegaly
Macrosomia
Neonatal hypoglycemia

27
Q

A patient is going to be intubated. What should be checked BEFORE giving succinylcholine?

A

Potassium…hyperkalemia contraindicates succinylcholine use

28
Q

How is sinus bradycardia treated?

A

Atropine

29
Q

Postpartum woman has fever, uterine tenderness, foul-smelling lochia (vaginal discharge after birth), and leukocytosis. Labor was complicated by use of forceps. What is likely going on?

A

Endometritis…polymicrobial infection treated with clindamycin and gentamicin (aminoglycoside)

30
Q

A croup patient is not doing well…so you think intubation might be in order. What should be tried first?

A

Racemic epinephrine

31
Q

How often should UC patients have a colonoscopy?

A

Every year

32
Q

Patient has recurrent dark urine with RUQ pain. Labs show increased bilirubin, decreased Hgb, and decreased haptoglbin. US shows hepatic vein thrombosis. What is going on?

A

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria

33
Q

How is long-QT treated?

A

Beta-blocker and a pacemaker

34
Q

What is diagnostic of neonatal polycythemia?

A

Hct > 65%

Causes respiratory distress

35
Q

Severe dizziness + cannot walk + stabbing pain on right side of face + can’t sit w/o restraints + constricted, nonreactive right pupil + horizontal and rotational nystagmus + diminished gag reflex + diminished pain and sensation to right face and left trunk/limbs. What is going on?

A

Wallenberg syndrome…lateral medulla infarct…diagnosed via MRI

Step 2 (39 decks)

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