Things I need to know better...day 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Kid is exposed to chickenpox and hasn’t been vaccinated yet…has no symptoms. What should be done?

A

Just give the vaccination

VZV Ig is NOT needed

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2
Q

A 3-10yo has fever, pharyngitis, and gray vesicles/ulcers on posterior oropharynx. What is going on?

A

Herpangina (coxsackie A virus)

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3
Q

Youngish patient has a decrescendo early diastolic murmur at the left sternal border. What is going on?

A

Aortic regurgitation…likely a bicuspid aortic valve

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4
Q

A patient has had multiple infections and bone pain (or fractures…or lytic lesions seen on x-ray) + labs show hypercalcemia, anemia, and renal impairment. What is going on?

A

Multiple myeloma –> inability to produce effective antibodies

CRAB

  • Calcemia
  • Renal impairment
  • Anemia
  • Bone stuff
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5
Q

Person has pain in small joints symmetrically that gets better after a few days. What was going on?

A

Viral arthritis

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6
Q

What is seen on neuroimaging of autism?

A

Increased total brain volume

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7
Q

What is seen on neuroimaging of OCD?

A

Abnormalities in orbitofrontal cortex and striatum

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8
Q

What is seen on neuroimaging of Panic disorder?

A

Smaller amygdala

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9
Q

What is seen on neuorimaging of PTSD?

A

Smaller hipocampus

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10
Q

What is seen on neuroimaging of schizophrenia?

A

Enlarged cerebral ventricles

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11
Q

An HIV patient has bloody diarrhea with normal stool sample. What is going on?

A

CMV infection

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12
Q

Patient comes in with polyarthralgia, tenosynovitis, and painless vesiculopustule skin lesions. What is going on?

A

Disseminated gonorrhea

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13
Q

A woman has urinary frequency, constipation, and a large, irregular uterus. What is likely going on?

A

Fibroids…get an US to check

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14
Q

Who should bupropion NOT be given to?

A

Epileptic patients…lowers seizure threshold

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15
Q

Variant lymphocytes + smudge cells –>

A

CLL…check flow cytometry

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16
Q

Pregnant woman has an asymptomatic UTI…what do you do?

A

Treat w/ amoxicillin or amox-clav

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17
Q

Patient has a history of unremitting nose bleeds…has ruby papules on lips that blanch and digital clubbing…labs show increased hematocrit. What is likely going on?

A

Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome (Hereditary telangiectasia)…autosomal dominant

Diffuse telangiectasia + recurrent epistaxis + wide spread AVMs

18
Q

Person has a fever and an early diastolic murmur heard at the left sternal border…ECG shows a 2:1 AV block. What is going on?

A

Aortic endocarditis with perivalvular abscess

19
Q

A patient with PVCs is given lidocaine…what is the risk?

A

Asystole

20
Q

What is mutated with primary polycythemia vera?

A

JAK2 in the bone marrow

21
Q

How is hairy cell leukemia treated?

A

Cladribine

22
Q

How is NHL treated?

A

CHOP

23
Q

How is CLL treated?

A

Chlorambucil + prednisone

24
Q

What are some common causes of Afib?

A

Hypertensive heart disease (most common)

Hyperthyroidism

25
Q

What are some common complications of chronic HCV?

A

Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia
MPGN
Porphyria cutanea tarda and lichen planus
Increased risk of diabetes

26
Q

What antibodies can be seen with scleroderma?

A

Anti-topo-1
Anti-Scl70 (diffuse systemic)
Anticentromere (limited systemic; CREST)

27
Q

WPW causes Afib. How should it be treated?

A

IV ibutilide or procainemide

28
Q

Infection with partially acid-fast, gram+, branching rods. What is it? Treatment?

A

Nocardia is treated with bactrim

29
Q

A guy comes in concerned about fatigue…otherwise doing fine. Has borderline risky sexual history and a blood transfusion before 1992. What should all be checked?

A

HBV, HCV, HIV

30
Q

Person gets shot and the entry wound is below the nipple line. What should be done next?

A

Exploratory laparotomy

31
Q

Person does illegal things (drugs, theft, assault), frequently lies, is aggressive/impulsive, but can be charming…which is used to manipulate people. What does this person have?

A

Antisocial personality disorder

32
Q

Person does some creepy things and has suicidality or self-mutalation and a feeling of emptiness. What does this person have?

A

Borderline personality disorder

33
Q

What is decreased in all babies that can cause jaundice?

A

Uridine diphosphogluconurate glucouronosyltransferase activity

Decreased most in Asians

34
Q

What is Boerhaave syndrome?

A

Esophageal perforation

35
Q

Stroke patient has unilateral motor impairment, but NO sensory or visual impairments. Where is the stroke?

A

Posterior limb of internal capsule (lacunar infarct)

36
Q

How should MS be diagnosed?

A

MRI with gadolinium

37
Q

When is home oxygen recommended for COPD patients?

A

PaO2 ≤ 55
SaO2 ≤ 88%
Hct ≥ 55%
Evidence of cor pulmonale

38
Q

How is GBS treated?

A

IVIG

39
Q

How is SVT or PSVT treated?

A

adenosine or vagal maneuver

40
Q

Developmental delay + short palpebral fissures, absent philtrum, and thin upper lip border. What is this?

A

FAS