Things I Dont Remember

Question 1

What is the role HMG-CoA REDUCTASE

Answer 1

Rate limiting enzyme in the synthesis of cholesterol

Question 2

What enzyme is inhibited by atorvastatin?

Answer 2

HMG CoA reductase

Question 3

How does brown adipose tissue generate heat?

Answer 3

Uncoupling proteins like Thermogenin (UCP1) uncouple the electron transport chain and ATP synthase causing energy from B oxidation of the fatty acids going to the elctron transport chain to be released as heat and not synthesising ATP

Question 4

What is Vitamin Cs role in preventing oxidative stress in cells

Answer 4

Acts as an antioxidant/free radical scavenger
Regenerates reduced form of vitamin E which prevents against lipid peroxidation

Question 5

What is the cause of hyperlipoproteinaemia IIa

Answer 5

Defective LDL receptor

Question 6

What is the enzyme that converts Acetyl CoA to Malonyl CoA in Lipogenesis?

Answer 6

Acetyl CoA carboxylase

Question 7

What happens in B fatty acid oxidation?

Answer 7

Every cycle a 2 carbon molecule of Acetyl CoA is removed
In the process NADH and FADH2 are made (can be used in oxidative phosphorylation)

Question 8

In Lipogenesis, what 2 carbon molecule is added to the fatty acid chain every cycle?

Answer 8

Malonyl CoA

Question 9

Which 2 enzymes are measured in a liver function test?

Answer 9

ALT (Alanine aminotransferase)
AST (Aspartate aminotransferase)

Question 10

What is the Function of ALT (Alanine aminotransferase)

Answer 10

Converts alanine to glutamate

Question 11

What is the function of AST (Aspartate aminotransferase)?

Answer 11

Converts glutamate into Aspartate

Question 12

Function of lactate dehydrogenase

Answer 12

Converts Pyruvate to lactate

Question 13

What are the 2 major control enzymes for Gluconeogenesis?

Answer 13

PEPCK
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase

Question 14

Which 2 lipoproteins transport Triacylglycerols?

Answer 14

Chylomicrons
VLDL

Question 15

Chylomicron function

Answer 15

Transport dietary Triacylglycerols from the intestine to tissues (like adipose)

Question 16

VLDL Function

Answer 16

Transport Triacylglycerols synthesised in the liver to adipose tissue for storage

Question 17

Which 3 lipoproteins transport cholesterol?

Answer 17

IDL
LDL
HDL

Question 18

What is the function of IDL and LDL

Answer 18

Transport cholesterol synthesised in the liver to tissues

Question 19

Function of HDL

Answer 19

Transports excess cholesterol from cells to the liver for disposal as bile salts or to transport to other cells needing cholesterol

Question 20

Why are LDLs susceptible to oxidative damage?

Answer 20

Have the longest half life, May get oxidised in blood vessel walls, causes formation of foam cells leading to atherosclerotic plaques

Question 21

What vitamin is deficient in Pellagra

Answer 21

B3

Question 22

What is the function of hormone sensitive Lipase?

Answer 22

Breaks down Triacylglycerols into fatty acids and glycerol

Question 23

How are LDL particles taken up by the liver and the tissues?

Answer 23

Receptor mediated endocytosis

Question 24

Feltys syndrome is a triad of what

Answer 24

Rheumatoid arthritis
Neutropenia
Splenomegaly