Things I Dont Remember Flashcards
What is the role HMG-CoA REDUCTASE
Rate limiting enzyme in the synthesis of cholesterol
What enzyme is inhibited by atorvastatin?
HMG CoA reductase
How does brown adipose tissue generate heat?
Uncoupling proteins like Thermogenin (UCP1) uncouple the electron transport chain and ATP synthase causing energy from B oxidation of the fatty acids going to the elctron transport chain to be released as heat and not synthesising ATP
What is Vitamin Cs role in preventing oxidative stress in cells
Acts as an antioxidant/free radical scavenger
Regenerates reduced form of vitamin E which prevents against lipid peroxidation
What is the cause of hyperlipoproteinaemia IIa
Defective LDL receptor
What is the enzyme that converts Acetyl CoA to Malonyl CoA in Lipogenesis?
Acetyl CoA carboxylase
What happens in B fatty acid oxidation?
Every cycle a 2 carbon molecule of Acetyl CoA is removed
In the process NADH and FADH2 are made (can be used in oxidative phosphorylation)
In Lipogenesis, what 2 carbon molecule is added to the fatty acid chain every cycle?
Malonyl CoA
Which 2 enzymes are measured in a liver function test?
ALT (Alanine aminotransferase)
AST (Aspartate aminotransferase)
What is the Function of ALT (Alanine aminotransferase)
Converts alanine to glutamate
What is the function of AST (Aspartate aminotransferase)?
Converts glutamate into Aspartate
Function of lactate dehydrogenase
Converts Pyruvate to lactate
What are the 2 major control enzymes for Gluconeogenesis?
PEPCK
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase
Which 2 lipoproteins transport Triacylglycerols?
Chylomicrons
VLDL
Chylomicron function
Transport dietary Triacylglycerols from the intestine to tissues (like adipose)
VLDL Function
Transport Triacylglycerols synthesised in the liver to adipose tissue for storage
Which 3 lipoproteins transport cholesterol?
IDL
LDL
HDL
What is the function of IDL and LDL
Transport cholesterol synthesised in the liver to tissues
Function of HDL
Transports excess cholesterol from cells to the liver for disposal as bile salts or to transport to other cells needing cholesterol
Why are LDLs susceptible to oxidative damage?
Have the longest half life, May get oxidised in blood vessel walls, causes formation of foam cells leading to atherosclerotic plaques
What vitamin is deficient in Pellagra
B3
What is the function of hormone sensitive Lipase?
Breaks down Triacylglycerols into fatty acids and glycerol
How are LDL particles taken up by the liver and the tissues?
Receptor mediated endocytosis
Feltys syndrome is a triad of what
Rheumatoid arthritis
Neutropenia
Splenomegaly
