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Anatomy and Radiology - Test 1 > Thigh and Gluteal Region > Flashcards

Thigh and Gluteal Region Flashcards

1
Q

Hip bone made of and where is each located

A

Ilium - superior
Ischium - posterior
Pubis - anterior

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2
Q

Standing arch

A

Pelvis transmits load from vertebral column to femurs

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3
Q

Joint of standing arch

A

Acetabulofemoral

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4
Q

Pubic symphysis and function

A

Links together superior rami of pubic bones

Prevents arches from spreading

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5
Q

Seated arch

A

Ischial tuberosities bear body weight in seated position

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6
Q

Sacro-iliac joint

A

synovial

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7
Q

Sacro-iliac ligaments

A

Pull sacrum into the pelvis

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8
Q

Sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments

A

prevent the pelvis and sacrum from rotating around the sacro-iliac joint when the weight of the body is bourne by the acetabulum

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9
Q

What parts of pelvis are in same plane and why?

A

ASIS and pubic symphysis

Forward tilt

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10
Q

Acetabulum

A

Ball and socket joint of the hip

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11
Q

Acetabular labrum

A

Firbocartilage around the rim of acetabulum

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12
Q

Ligamentum teres femoris

A

Triangluar flattened band that attaches to fovea capitis femoris
Attaches to acetabular notch of the pelvis

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13
Q

Ligaments of the hip joint

A

Thickenings of capsule
Ligamentum teres femoris
Zona orbicularis

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14
Q

Zona orbicularis

A

Ring of fibers of the capsule that encircle the neck of the femur and help hold femur in place

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15
Q

Gluteal region actions innervation and blood supply

A

Extenstion, abduction, medial and lateral rotation
Superior and inferior gluteal nerves
Superior and inferior gluteal arteries

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16
Q

Gluteus maximus actions innervation and blood supply

A

Extends and laterally roates
Inferior gluteal nerve
Sueprior and inferior gluteal arteries

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17
Q

Gluteus medius actions innervation and blood supply

A

Abducts and medially rotates thigh
Superior gluteal nerve
Superior gluteal artery

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18
Q

Gluteus minimus actions innervation and blood supply

A

Abducts and medially roates thigh
Superior gluteal nerve
Superior gluteal artery

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19
Q

Hip drop result of

A

Inability to abduct

Gluteus minimus/medius injury

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20
Q

Another name for hip drop

A

Tendelenburg Gait

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21
Q

If right gluteus minimus/medius hurt, which hip drops?

A

Left

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22
Q

Deep gluteal region actions innervation and blood supply

A

Lateral rotation
Branches of sacral plexus
Superior and inferior gluteal arteries

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23
Q

Triceps coxae

A

Superior gemellus
Obturator internus
Inferior gemellus

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24
Q

Deep gluteal region important for

A

Keeping foot swung laterally prior to next heel strike

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25
Q

Lateral rotators

A

Externally rotate the swinging limb and prevent swinging foot from striking on lateral edge

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26
Q

Internal rotators

A

Of grounded limb swing contralateral side of pelvis forward

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27
Q

Peritotrochanteric pain associated with

A

Avulsion of gluteus minimus/medius

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28
Q

Gluteus medius and minimus attach to

A

Greater trochanter

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29
Q

Compartments of thigh and functions

A

Anterior - flex thigh and extend leg
Medial - adduct thigh
Posterior - extend thigh and flex leg

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30
Q

Deep fascia of the thigh

A

fascia lata

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31
Q

What does fascia lata eventually form?

A

Iliotibial tract

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32
Q

Innervation of anterior thigh

A

Femoral nerve

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33
Q

Innervation of medial thigh

A

obturator nerve

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34
Q

Innervation of posterior thigh

A

Sciatic with some exceptions

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35
Q

Compartment syndrome and what it leads to

A

Buildup of fluid in tough fascial encasement increases pressure and compresses veins
Ischemia and necrosis

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36
Q

Two muscles that attach to IT tract

A

Tensor fascia lata

Gluteus maximus

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37
Q

Tightening of IT band function

A

Steadies trunk and braces the knee of stance foot

38
Q

Tensor fascia lata (besides IT band function)

A

Medially rotates lower limb

39
Q

Iliacus function and innervation

A

Flexion of the thigh

Femoral nerve

40
Q

Psoas major function and innervation

A

Flexion of the thigh

Ventral rami

41
Q

Iliopsoas made of

and what is function?

A

Psoas major and iliacus
Bilateral = trunk flexion
Powerful flexion of the thigh

42
Q

Where does iliopsoas attach?

A

Lesser trochanter of the femur

43
Q

Where do iliacus and psoas major merge?

A

Inguinal ligament

44
Q

Aterior compartment of thigh actions innervation and blood supply

A

Flexion of thigh and extension of leg
Femoral nerve
Deep femoral artery and femoral artery

45
Q

Sartorius actions innervation

A

Flex, abduct, laterally rotates the thigh
Flexes the leg
Femoral nerve

46
Q

Quadricpes femoris function and muscles that make it up

A 
Extends the knee
Rectus femoris 
Vastus lateralis 
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius 
All attach to quad tendon
47
Q

Rectus femoris attaches to

A

AIIS

and patellar tendon

48
Q

Vastus medialis obliquus important for

A

Patellar alignment

49
Q

Tendon of quadriceps renamed at

A

Patellar to patellar ligament

50
Q

Patellar ligament attaches to

A

tibial tuberosity

51
Q

Charlie horse

A

Ofen of rectus femoris

Cramping of individual muscle

52
Q

Medial compartment of thigh actions innervation and blood supply

A

Adduction of thigh
Obturator nerve
Deep femoral and obturator

53
Q

Pectineus

A

Innervated by femoral nerve

54
Q

Adductor magnus

A

Anterior and posterior fibers
Anterior - adduct via obturator
Posterior - extend via tibial division of sciatic

55
Q

Gracilis

A

Flexes and medially rotates leg

56
Q

Obturator externus

A

Laterally rotates thigh

57
Q

Muscles of medial compartmnet

A

Pectineus
Adductor longus/brevis/magnus
Gracilis
Obturator externus

58
Q

What passes through adductor hiatus?

A

Femoral artery

59
Q

Groin pull result of

A

Strain of adductor muscles

60
Q

Femoral triangle borders

A 
Sup - inguinal ligament 
Lateral - sartorius 
Medial - addutor longus 
Floor - iliopsoas and pectineus 
Roof - fascia lata
61
Q

Femoral triangle continuous with

A

Adductor canal where femoral artery travels through

62
Q

Contents of femoral sheath

A

Femoral artery
Femoral vein
Deep inguinal lymph nodes
NOT FEMORAL NERVE

63
Q

Inguinal ligament acts as a

A

flexor retinaculum of the femoral sheath

64
Q

Structures passing under the inguinal ligament into the femoral triangle from lateral to medial

A 
Femoral nerve
Femoral artery 
Femoral vein 
Empty space
Lymphatic vessel 
NAVEL
65
Q

Site of entry for femoral hernia

A

Femoral ring that is opening to femoral canal

66
Q

Posterior compartment of the thigh actions innervation and blood supply

A

Extension of thigh and flexion of leg
Sciatic (tibial division to all…except for fibular division to short head of bicep femoris)
Deep femoral and inferior gluteal arteries

67
Q

Semitendinosus

A

Medially rotates flexed leg

68
Q

Semimembranous

A

Medially rotates flexed leg

69
Q

Biceps femoris

A

Laterally roates a flexed leg

70
Q

Short head of biceps femoris does not

A

Extend the thigh

71
Q

All posterior muscles of thigh attach at ischial tuberosity except for

A

bicep femoris short head

72
Q

Lateral and medial popliteal fossa boundaries

A

Semimembranosus - medial

Long head of bicep femoris - lateral

73
Q

Pes anserinus attachments and function

A 
Sartorius 
Gracilius
Semitendinosus
Some Gibbons STutter 
Stabilizes medial side fo the knee
74
Q

Increased risk of hamstring tear if

A

Quads much stronger than hamstrings

75
Q

Lumbar plexus levels and nerves produced

A

L1-L4
Obturator and femoral nerve
Innervates anterior and medial parts of thigh

76
Q

Sacral plexus levels and nerves produced

A

L4-S3
Tibial and common fibular (from sciatic)
GLuteal region, posterior compartment of thigh, all leg compartments, and foot

77
Q

L4-L5

A

Lumbosacral trunk

78
Q

L1,2,3 give rise to

A

Purely sensory cutaneous nerves

79
Q

L2,3,4 give rise to

A

Obturator and femoral that have both motor and sensor y

80
Q

L4-S3 give rise to

A

Sciatic of both motor and sensor y

81
Q

S2-S4 give rise to

A

Preganglionic parasympathetics (pelvic splanchnics)
Pudendal
Levator ani

82
Q

Lumbar plexus

A

Roots lie in psoas major

Motor innervation not below knee but some cutaneous

83
Q

Femoral nerve

A

L2,3,4
Not in femoral sheath but near artery
Innervates anterior compartment of thigh and pectineus, iliacus

84
Q

Obturator nerve

A

Innervates medial compartment of the thigh

85
Q

Saphenous nerve

A

Sensory innervation coming from lumbar plexus

86
Q

Sacral plexus

A

Roots through greater sciatic foramen
Mostly gluteal, posterior thigh, and all of leg and foot
Formed from L4-S3

87
Q

S1-S3 of sacral plexus

A

Ventral rami have anterior and posterior division
Anterior (flexors)
Posterior (extensors)

88
Q

Long saphenous vein reaches femoral vein at

A

Saphenous hiatus

89
Q

Which saphenous vein on front and back

A

Great/long on front

Short on back

90
Q

Arteries of the thigh

A

Aorta—common iliac—–External and internal iliac

Extneral —-lateral and medial circumflex femoral and also femoral

91
Q

Cruciate anastamosis

A

Multiple ways to get blood to hip
Inferior gluteal
Medial and lateral femoral circumflex, and first perforating of deep femoral

Anatomy and Radiology - Test 1 (21 decks)

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