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Anatomy and Radiology - Test 1 > The Leg > Flashcards

The Leg Flashcards

1
Q

Compartments of the leg

A

Anterior
Lateral
Posterior (deep)
Posterior (superficial)

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2
Q

Fascia of the leg

A

Crural fascia

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3
Q

Membranes separating compartments

A

Interosseus (A/P(deep)
Transverse intermuscular spetum (Posterior)
Lateral Intramuscular septum (Lat/post (sup)
anterior intramuscular septum (ant/lat)

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4
Q

Nerves and arteries of each compartment

A

Anterior - anterior tibial artery, deep fibular nerve
Posterior (deep) - Fibular artery, posterior tibial artery, tibial nerve
Lateral - superficial fibular nerve

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5
Q

Anterior compartment of leg actions innervation and blood supply

A

Dorsiflexion of foot and extension of toes
Deep fibular nerve
Anterior tibial artery

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6
Q

Tendons of anterior leg compartment

A

Pass anterior to ankle joint and deep to extensor retinacula

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7
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

Dorsiflexes and inverts foot

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8
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

A

Extends lateral 4 toes with continued action dorsiflexes foot

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9
Q

Extenser hallucis longus

A

Extends the great toe and can dorsiflex

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10
Q

Muscles of anterior leg

A

Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallicus longus
Fibularis tertius

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11
Q

Fibularis tertius

A

Dorsiflexes and everts foot

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12
Q

Drop foot is a result of damage to the

A

Deep fibular nerve bc cannot dorsiflex

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13
Q

Lateral compartment of the leg actions innervation and blood supply

A

Eversion of foot and plantarflexion
Superficial fibular nere
Fibular artery

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14
Q

Tendons of lateral compartment

A

Run posterior to lateral malleolus and deep to superior and inferior retinacula

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15
Q

Fibularis longus

A

Everts and plantarflxes

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16
Q

FIbularis brevis

A

Everts and plantarflexes

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17
Q

Muscles of lateral leg compartment

A

Fibularis longus

Fibularis brevis

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18
Q

Posterior compartment of the leg actions innervation and blood supply

A

Plantarflexion and inversion of foot…flexion of toes
Tibial nerve
Posterior tibial artery (and fibular artery)

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19
Q

Superficial muscles of posterior compartment and what they are named

A

Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris
Make up the triceps sucrae

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20
Q

Tendons of superficial posterior leg muscles

A

Gastroc and soleus Fuse to from the tendocalcaneous

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21
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Plantarflexes foot and flexes leg

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22
Q

Soleus

A

Plantarflexes foot

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23
Q

Plantaris

A

Plantarflexes foot and leg

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24
Q

Engine that drives bipedalism

A

Plantarflexion

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25
Q

How does popliteal artery enter the fossa?

A

Through adductor hiatus

26
Q

Popliteal vein accepts ____ that drains superficial posterior leg

A

Small saphenous

27
Q

Common fibular nerve location and other branches

A

Under biceps femoris

Lateral sural cutaneous nerve to skin of calf

28
Q

Tibial nerve other branches

A

Medial sural cutaneous nerve that becomes sural nerve following union with the lateral branch of the common fibular nerve

29
Q

Tendons of deep muscles of the posterior compartment

A

Run posterior to medial malleolus and under flexor retinaculum to plantar side of foot

EXCEPT popliteus

30
Q

Deep msucles of posterior function

A

Steady the leg on the foot when standing

EXCEPT POPLITEUS

31
Q

Popliteus

A

Flexes knee and rotates tibia medially or femur laterally

Works at beginning of flexion to unlock the knee

32
Q

Muscles of deep leg compartment

A

Popliteus
Tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus

33
Q

Tibialis posterior

A

Plantarflexes and inverts foot

34
Q

Flexor digitorum longus

A

Flexes lateral 4 toes and plantarflexes

35
Q

Flexor hallcisu longus

A

Flexes great toe and plantarflexes

36
Q

Moving posteriorly from medial malleolus

A 
Tibialis posterior 
Flexor digitorum longus
Posterior tibial artery
Posterior tibial vein
Tibial nerve
Flexor hallucis longus

Tom, Dick, And Very Nervous Harry

37
Q

Knee joint articulation

A

Condyles of femur and condyles of tibia

38
Q

Movements of knee joint

A

Flexion and extension
Also some medial and lateral when the leg is flexed
Fully locked when fully extended

39
Q

Fibular (lateral) collateral ligament

A

Very strong
Extends from lateral epicondyle of femur to fibula
Damaged by medial blow

40
Q

Tibial (medial) collateral ligament

A

Strong, flat band
From medial epicondyle to medial condyle of tibia
Directly attached to the knee capsule and medial meniscus
Damaged by lateral blow to the knee

41
Q

Medial meniscus

A

Attached to tibial collateral ligament

42
Q

Terrible triad

A

ACL, tibial collateral, and medial meniscus

43
Q

Lateral meniscus

A

Less likely to be injured and not connected to fibular collateral ligament

44
Q

ACL and PCL named for

A

Attachment on tibia

45
Q

ACL prevents

A

Anterior displacement of the tibia on the femur and hyperextension of knee joint

46
Q

ACL is slack when

A

Knee is flexed and taut when extended

47
Q

Is PCL or ACL stronger?

48
Q

If ACL torn, how can you test?

A

Anterior drawer sign

Tibia can be pulled anteriorly relative to the femus

49
Q

How to damage ACL

A

Excessive medial roatation or hyperextension

50
Q

PCL prevents

A

Posterior displacement of tibia on femur and hyperflexion of knee joint

51
Q

PCL damaged by

A

hyperflexion

52
Q

Tibial nerve

A

Branches from sciatic at popliteal fossa

Branches into the medial plantar and lateral plantar after the medial malleolus

53
Q

Common fibular nerve

A

Also peroneal
Branches at popliteal fossa and runs laterally (medial to biceps femoris)
Most common injured nerve of lower extremity

54
Q

When can common fibular be palpated?

A

When courses around neck of fibula

55
Q

When does common fibular divide?

A

At neck of fibula into superficial and deep

56
Q

Superficial fibular nerve innervates

A

Lateral compartment

57
Q

Deep fibular nerve inervates

A

Anterior compartment

58
Q

Popliteal branches into the

A

Anterior and posterior tibial arteries

59
Q

Posterior tibial artery gives rise to the

A

Fibular artery

60
Q

Posterior tibial artery becomes

A

Medial plantar artery

61
Q

Anterior tibial artery becomes

A

DOrsal pedal artery

62
Q

Anastamosis around the knee

A

Genicular anastamosis

Anatomy and Radiology - Test 1 (21 decks)

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