The Foot Flashcards
With which bone does the tibia articulate?
Talus
Plantar side of foot has
Plantar aponeurosis
Muscles of dorsum of foot
Extensor digitorum brevis
Extensor hallucis brevis
Extensor digitorum brevis and innervation
Aids in extending medial 4 toes
Deep fibular nerve
Extensor hallucis brevis
portion of the EDB going to the big toe
Deep fibular nerve
Muscles of plantar surface of the foot actions innervation and blood supply
Maintain arches of foot and position big toe
Medial and lateral plantar nerve (from tibial nerve)
Medial and lateral plantar arteries (from posterior tibial artery)
Plantar aponeurosis encloses tendons of
FDL and FDB
Plantar aponeurosis helps to maintain the _____ arch
Longitudinal
Plantar fasciitis
Excessive wear to the plantar fascia
Most often on the heal
1st muscule later of the plantar surface of the foot muscles and function
Maintain arches
Abductor hallucis
Flexor digitorum brevis
Abductor digiti minimi
Abductor hallucis function and innervation
Abducts great toe
Medial plantar nerve
Flexor digitorum brevis function and innervation
Flexes lateral 4 toes
Medial plantar nerve
Abductor digiti minimi function and innervation
Abducts little toe
Lateral plantar nerve
2nd muscular layer tendon attachments and muscles
Attach to tendons of flexor digitorum longus
FHL tendon found here
Quadratus plantae
Lumbricals
Quadratus plantae function and innervation
Helps flex lateral 4 toes
Lateral plantar nerve
Lumbricals function and innervation
Flex proximal phalanges and extend middle and distal of lateral 4 toes
Medial innervated by medial plantar
Lateral 3 innervation by lateral plantar
3rd muscular layer of plantar side of foot
Flexor hallucis brevis
Adductor hallucis
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Flexor hallucis brevis function and innervation
Flexes proximal phalanx of great toe
Medial plantar nerve
Adductor hallucis function and innervation
Adducts great toe
Assists in maintaining transverse arch of foot
Lateral plantar nerve
Most active during push-off
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Flexes proximal phalanx of 5th toe
Lateral plantar
4th muscular layer
3 platnar interossei and 4 dorsal interossei
3 plantar interossei function and innervation
Adduct the toes
Lateral plantar
4 dorsal interossei function and innervation
Abduct the toes
Lateral plantar
Ankle joint is _____ joint and weakest in ______
Hinge joint
Plantarflexion
Ankle joint movements
Dorsiflexion and plantarflexion
Ankle joint articulation
Talus with tibia and fibula
Key ligaments of ankle joint
Deltoid (medial ligament)
Anterior talofibular ligament (Lateral)
MCL injuries of the ankle
Potts-fracture
Foot is forcibly everted
Tears medial malleolus or breaks fibula
Lateral collateral injuries of the ankle
Weaker than medial
Inversion injuries
Anterior talofibular is most commonly sprained ligament
Shearing of the lateral malleolus
Longitudinal arch maintained by
Bones, strong plantar ligaments, plantar aponeurosis
Spring ligament and what it does
Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
Helps support longitudinal arch of the foot
Transverse arch maintained by
Strong plantar ligaments, bones, plantar aponeurosis, and tnedons of muscles
Two types of pes planus
Rigid (children)
Rigid (adult)
Fallen arches are a result of which muscle
Tibialis posterio
Tibial nerve
Runs posterior to medial malleoulus and divides into laterla and medial plantar nerves
Medial plantar nerve innervations of the foot
Abductor hallucis
Flexor digitorum brevis
Flexor hallucis brevis
First (medial) lumbrical
Lateral plantar nerve innervation of the foot
All other intrinsic foot muscles besides extensor digitorum brevisd
Jogger’s foot
Entrapment of the medial plantar nerve
Tingling on the medial side of the plantar surface
Anterior tibial artery becomes
Dorsal artery of the foot
Arcurate artery runs
Across metatarsal-phylangeo joints
Lymphatic drainage of lower limb
Inguinal lymph nodes that can be palpated