Thigh Flashcards
What divides the muscles of the thigh into anterior, posterior and medial compartments?
Fascia lata
Which muscles make up the hamstrings?
Semimembranosus, semitendinosus, long head of biceps femoris, hamstring part of adductor magnus
What is the common origin of hamstring muscles?
Ischial tuberosity
What is the insertion of semimembranosus?
Medial condyle of tibia
What is the insertion of semitendinosus?
Medial surface of tibia
What are the actions of semimembranosus and semitendinosus?
Extension and medial rotation at hip, flexion at knee
What nerve innervates semimembranosus, semitendinosus and long head of biceps femoris?
Sciatic nerve
What is the insertion of biceps femoris?
Lateral side of head of fibula
What is the origin of short head of biceps femoris?
Linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur
What are the actions of long head of biceps femoris?
Extension and lateral rotation at hip, flexion at knee
What are the actions of short head of biceps femoris?
Lateral rotation at hip, flexion at knee
What nerve innervates short head of biceps femoris?
Common peroneal/fibular nerve
What are the attachments of the adductor part of adductor magnus?
Origin - inferior ischiopubic ramus
Insertion - linea aspera
What are the actions of adductor part of adductor magnus?
Adduction and flexion of thigh
What nerve innervates adductor part of adductor magnus?
Obturator nerve (L2-L4)
What are the attachments of the hamstring part of adductor magnus?
Origin - ischial tuberosity
Insertion - adductor tubercle on distal, medial femur
What are the actions of the hamstring part of adductor magnus?
Adduction and extension of the thigh
What nerve supplies the hamstring part of adductor magnus?
Tibial nerve (L4-S3)
Which muscles are in the anterior compartment of the thigh?
Sartorius, pectineus, iliopsoas, quadriceps femoris
What muscles make up quadriceps femoris?
Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedialis
What are the attachments of sartorius?
Origin - anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion - superiomedial surface of tibia
What are the actions of sartorius?
Flexion, abduction and lateral rotation of hip, flexion of knee
What are the attachments of pectineus?
Origin - pectineal line (anterior surface of pelvis)
Insertion - pectineal line (posterior femur, under lesser trochanter)
What are the actions of pectineus?
Adduction and flexion at hip
What nerves supply pectineus?
Femoral and branch from obturator nerve
What are the attachments of iliopsoas muscle?
Origin
- Psoas major - lumbar vertebrae
- Iliacus - iliac fossa
Insertion - lesser trochanter of femur
What are the actions of iliopsoas?
Flexion and lateral rotation at hip
What nerves supply psoas major?
Anterior rami of L1-L3
What are the attachments of rectus femoris?
Origin - ilium (superior to acetabulum)
Insertion - patella via quadriceps femoris tendon
What are the actions of rectus femoris?
Flexion at hip, extension at knee
What are the attachments of vastus lateralis?
Origin - greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line and linea aspera
Insertion - patella via quadriceps tendon, tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
What are the attachments of vastus medialis?
Origin - medial side of femur
Insertion - patella via quadriceps tendon
What are the attachments of vastus intermedialis?
Origin - anterolateral femur
Insertion - patella via quadriceps tendon
What is the common attachment of the quadriceps muscles?
Patella via quadriceps tendon
What is the action of all the vastus muscles?
Extension at knee
What nerve supplies majority of muscles in anterior compartment of thigh?
Femoral nerve
sartorius, pectineus, iliacus, quadriceps femoris
Which muscles make up the medial compartment of the thigh?
Adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, gracilis, obturator externus
What are the attachments of adductor longus?
Origin - pubis
Insertion - linea aspera
What are the actions of adductor longus?
Adduction and medial rotation at hip
What are the attachments of adductor brevis?
Origin - body of pubis and inferior pubic rami
Insertion - linea aspera (proximal to adductor longus)
What is the action of adductor brevis?
Adduction at hip
Generally what is the function of the muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh?
Adduction at hip
Which muscle in medial compartment doesn’t adduct at the hip?
Obturator externus
What are the attachments of gracilis?
Origin - body of pubis and inferior pubic rami
Insertion - medial surface of tibia (between sartorius and semitendinosus tendons)
What are the actions of gracilis?
Adduction at hip, flexion at knee
What are the attachments of obturator externus?
Origin - membrane of obturator foramen and adjacent bone
Insertion - trochanteric fossa
What is the action of obturator externus?
Lateral rotation at hip
What nerve supplies majority of muscles in medial compartment of thigh?
Obturator nerve (L2-L4) Apart from hamstring part of adductor magnus
Which muscles are responsible for flexion of the knee?
Semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris, gastrocnemius, plantaris, sartorius, gracilis
Which muscles are responsible for extension of the knee?
Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, medialis and intermedialis
