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Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

What divides the muscles of the thigh into anterior, posterior and medial compartments?

A

Fascia lata

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2
Q

Which muscles make up the hamstrings?

A

Semimembranosus, semitendinosus, long head of biceps femoris, hamstring part of adductor magnus

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3
Q

What is the common origin of hamstring muscles?

A

Ischial tuberosity

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4
Q

What is the insertion of semimembranosus?

A

Medial condyle of tibia

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5
Q

What is the insertion of semitendinosus?

A

Medial surface of tibia

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6
Q

What are the actions of semimembranosus and semitendinosus?

A

Extension and medial rotation at hip, flexion at knee

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7
Q

What nerve innervates semimembranosus, semitendinosus and long head of biceps femoris?

A

Sciatic nerve

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8
Q

What is the insertion of biceps femoris?

A

Lateral side of head of fibula

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9
Q

What is the origin of short head of biceps femoris?

A

Linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur

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10
Q

What are the actions of long head of biceps femoris?

A

Extension and lateral rotation at hip, flexion at knee

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11
Q

What are the actions of short head of biceps femoris?

A

Lateral rotation at hip, flexion at knee

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12
Q

What nerve innervates short head of biceps femoris?

A

Common peroneal/fibular nerve

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13
Q

What are the attachments of the adductor part of adductor magnus?

A

Origin - inferior ischiopubic ramus

Insertion - linea aspera

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14
Q

What are the actions of adductor part of adductor magnus?

A

Adduction and flexion of thigh

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15
Q

What nerve innervates adductor part of adductor magnus?

A

Obturator nerve (L2-L4)

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16
Q

What are the attachments of the hamstring part of adductor magnus?

A

Origin - ischial tuberosity

Insertion - adductor tubercle on distal, medial femur

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17
Q

What are the actions of the hamstring part of adductor magnus?

A

Adduction and extension of the thigh

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18
Q

What nerve supplies the hamstring part of adductor magnus?

A

Tibial nerve (L4-S3)

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19
Q

Which muscles are in the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Sartorius, pectineus, iliopsoas, quadriceps femoris

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20
Q

What muscles make up quadriceps femoris?

A

Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedialis

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21
Q

What are the attachments of sartorius?

A

Origin - anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion - superiomedial surface of tibia

22
Q

What are the actions of sartorius?

A

Flexion, abduction and lateral rotation of hip, flexion of knee

23
Q

What are the attachments of pectineus?

A

Origin - pectineal line (anterior surface of pelvis)

Insertion - pectineal line (posterior femur, under lesser trochanter)

24
Q

What are the actions of pectineus?

A

Adduction and flexion at hip

25
What nerves supply pectineus?
Femoral and branch from obturator nerve
26
What are the attachments of iliopsoas muscle?
Origin - Psoas major - lumbar vertebrae - Iliacus - iliac fossa Insertion - lesser trochanter of femur
27
What are the actions of iliopsoas?
Flexion and lateral rotation at hip
28
What nerves supply psoas major?
Anterior rami of L1-L3
29
What are the attachments of rectus femoris?
Origin - ilium (superior to acetabulum) | Insertion - patella via quadriceps femoris tendon
30
What are the actions of rectus femoris?
Flexion at hip, extension at knee
31
What are the attachments of vastus lateralis?
Origin - greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line and linea aspera Insertion - patella via quadriceps tendon, tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
32
What are the attachments of vastus medialis?
Origin - medial side of femur | Insertion - patella via quadriceps tendon
33
What are the attachments of vastus intermedialis?
Origin - anterolateral femur | Insertion - patella via quadriceps tendon
34
What is the common attachment of the quadriceps muscles?
Patella via quadriceps tendon
35
What is the action of all the vastus muscles?
Extension at knee
36
What nerve supplies majority of muscles in anterior compartment of thigh?
Femoral nerve | sartorius, pectineus, iliacus, quadriceps femoris
37
Which muscles make up the medial compartment of the thigh?
Adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, gracilis, obturator externus
38
What are the attachments of adductor longus?
Origin - pubis | Insertion - linea aspera
39
What are the actions of adductor longus?
Adduction and medial rotation at hip
40
What are the attachments of adductor brevis?
Origin - body of pubis and inferior pubic rami | Insertion - linea aspera (proximal to adductor longus)
41
What is the action of adductor brevis?
Adduction at hip
42
Generally what is the function of the muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh?
Adduction at hip
43
Which muscle in medial compartment doesn't adduct at the hip?
Obturator externus
44
What are the attachments of gracilis?
Origin - body of pubis and inferior pubic rami | Insertion - medial surface of tibia (between sartorius and semitendinosus tendons)
45
What are the actions of gracilis?
Adduction at hip, flexion at knee
46
What are the attachments of obturator externus?
Origin - membrane of obturator foramen and adjacent bone | Insertion - trochanteric fossa
47
What is the action of obturator externus?
Lateral rotation at hip
48
What nerve supplies majority of muscles in medial compartment of thigh?
``` Obturator nerve (L2-L4) Apart from hamstring part of adductor magnus ```
49
Which muscles are responsible for flexion of the knee?
Semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris, gastrocnemius, plantaris, sartorius, gracilis
50
Which muscles are responsible for extension of the knee?
Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, medialis and intermedialis

Anatomy (15 decks)

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