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Anatomy > Pelvis and Hip Joint > Flashcards

Pelvis and Hip Joint Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three joints in the pelvic girdle?

A

Left and right sacroiliac joints and pubic symphysis joint

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2
Q

What is the area called where the ischium, ilium and pubic parts of the innominate bone fuse?

A

Acetabulum, ‘the socket’

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3
Q

What is the hip joint between?

A

Head of femur and acetabulum of innominate bone

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4
Q

What are the three bones in the pelvic girdle?

A

Left and right innominate bones and sacrum

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5
Q

What are the two pelvic ligaments that form greater and lesser sciatic foramen?

A

Sacrotuberous ligament

Sacrospinous ligament

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6
Q

What are the possible movements at the hip joint?

A

Flexion/extension
Abduction/adduction
Medial/lateral rotation

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7
Q

What are the three main features that enhance stability of hip joint?

A

Anatomy of acetabulum
Fibrous capsule
Ligaments

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8
Q

Why does the anatomy of the acetabulum enhance stability of hip joint?

A

Smooth and crescent shaped articular surface

Acetabular labrum - fibrocartilaginous collar that increases depth

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9
Q

What bridges the acetabular notch?

A

Transverse acetabular ligament

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10
Q

What are the attachments of the fibrous capsule?

A

Proximally - rim of acetabulum

Distally - femoral neck

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11
Q

What are the three ligaments that stabilise the hip joint called?

A

Iliofemoral, pubofemoral and ischiofemoral

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12
Q

Which ligament covers the joint superiorly and anteriorly?

A

Iliofemoral

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13
Q

Which ligament covers the joint inferiorly and anteriorly?

A

Pubofemoral

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14
Q

Which ligament covers the joint posteriorly?

A

Ischiofemoral

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15
Q

What is common function of the hip joint ligaments?

A

Prevent excessive extension

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16
Q

Which direction would the force come from to posteriorly dislocate the hip?

A

Anterior force on flexed knee

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17
Q

Which direction would the force come from to anteriorly dislocate the hip?

A

Force during extreme abduction

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18
Q

Which direction would the force come from to medially dislocate the hip?

A

Superior force through femur

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19
Q

What are the attachments of gluteus maximus?

A

Origin - gluteal surface of ilium, sacrum and coccyx

Insertion - iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of femur

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20
Q

What are the actions of gluteus maximus?

A

Extension of thigh, also assists in lateral rotation

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21
Q

What nerve supplies gluteus maximus?

A

Inferior gluteal nerve

22
Q

What are the attachments of gluteus medius?

A

Origin - gluteal surface of ilium

Insertion - lateral surface of greater trochanter

23
Q

What are the attachments of gluteus minimis?

A

Origin - ilium

Insertion - anterior side of greater trochanter

24
Q

What are the actions of gluteus medius and minimis?

A

Abduction and medial rotation of thigh, prevents pelvic drop of other limb

25
Q

What nerve supplies gluteus medius and minimis?

A

Superior gluteal nerve

26
Q

What is the iliotibial tract?

A

Fibrous reinforcement of fascia lata (deep fascia of thigh)

27
Q

What are the attachments of piriformis muscle?

A

Origin - anterior sacrum, gluteal spine, superior margin of greater sciatic notch
Insertion - greater trochanter

28
Q

What are the actions of piriformis?

A

Lateral rotation and abduction

29
Q

What nerve supplies piriformis?

A

Nerve to piriformis

30
Q

Which nerves and vessels pass through greater sciatic foramen superior to piriformis?

A

Superior gluteal vessels

Superior gluteal nerve

31
Q

Which nerves and vessels pass through greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis?

A 
Inferior gluteal vessels
Inferior gluteal nerve
Inferior pudendal vessels
Pudendal nerve
Sciatic nerve
Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
Nerve to obturator internus
Nerve to quadratus femoris
32
Q

Which structures pass through lesser sciatic foramen?

A

Tendon of obturator internus
Internal pudendal vessels
Pudendal nerve
Nerve to obturator internus

33
Q

What are the attachments of obturator internus muscle?

A

Origin - pubis and ischium at obturator foramen

Insertion - greater trochanter of femur

34
Q

What are the actions of obturator internus?

A

Lateral rotation and abduction at the hip

35
Q

What nerve supplies obturator internus?

A

Nerve to obturator internus

36
Q

What are the attachments of superior gemellus?

A

Origin - ischial spine

Insertion - greater trochanter

37
Q

What nerve supplies superior gemellus?

A

Nerve to obturator internus

38
Q

What are the attachments of inferior gemellus?

A

Origin - ischial tuberosity

Insertion - greater trochanter

39
Q

What are the actions of the gemelli muscles?

A

Lateral rotation and abduction at hip

40
Q

What nerve supplies inferior gemellus?

A

Nerve to quadratus femoris

41
Q

What are the attachments of quadratus femoris?

A

Origin - lateral side of ischial tuberosity

Insertion - quadrate tuberosity on intertrochanteric crest

42
Q

What is the action of quadratus femoris?

A

Lateral rotation of hip

43
Q

What nerve supplies quadratus femoris?

A

Nerve to quadratus femoris

44
Q

Which muscles insert into greater trochanter of femur?

A

Gluteus medius and minimis, piriformis, obturator internus, gemelli

45
Q

Which muscles are responsible for flexion of the hip?

A

Adductor part of adductor magnus, sartorius, pectineus, iliopsoas, rectus femoris

46
Q

Which muscles are responsible for extension of the hip?

A

Gluteus maximus, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, long head of biceps femoris, hamstring part of adductor magnus

47
Q

Which muscles are responsible for abduction of the hip?

A

Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, piriformis, obturator internus, gemelli, sartorius

48
Q

Which muscles are responsible for adduction of the hip?

A

Adductor magnus, pectineus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, gracilis

49
Q

Which muscles are responsible for medial rotation of the hip?

A

Gluteus medius and minimis, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, adductor longus

50
Q

Which muscles are responsible for lateral rotation of the hip?

A

Gluteus maximus, piriformis, obturator internus, gemelli, quadratus femoris, biceps femoris, sartorius, iliopsoas, obturator externus

Anatomy (15 decks)

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