Foot

Question 1

What are the attachments of extensor digitorum brevis?

Answer 1

Origin - calcaneus, interosseous talocalcaneal ligament and inferior extensor retinaculum
Insertion - long extensor tendons of lateral 4 digits

Question 2

What are the actions of extensor digitorum brevis?

Answer 2

Extension of lateral 4 digits at metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints

Question 3

Which nerve supplies the muscles of the dorsum of the foot?

Answer 3

Deep fibular nerve

Question 4

What are the muscles of the dorsum of the foot called?

Answer 4

Extensor digitorum brevis and extensor hallucis brevis

Question 5

What are the attachments of extensor hallucis brevis?

Answer 5

Origin - calcaneus, interosseous talocalcaneal ligament and inferior extensor retinaculum
Insertion - base of proximal phalanx of big toe

Question 6

What are the actions of extensor hallucis brevis?

Answer 6

Extension of the big toe at metatarsophalangeal joint

Question 7

How many layers of muscles does the plantar aspect of the foot have?

Answer 7

Four

Question 8

Which muscles make up the first layer of the plantar aspect of the foot?

Answer 8

Flexor digitorum brevis, abductor hallucis and abductor digiti minimi

Question 9

What are the attachments of flexor digitorum brevis?

Answer 9

Origin - medial tubercle of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis
Insertion - middle phalanges of lateral 4 digits

Question 10

What are the actions of flexor digitorum brevis?

Answer 10

Flexion of lateral 4 digits at proximal interphalangeal joint

Question 11

What nerve supplies flexor digitorum brevis?

Answer 11

Medial plantar nerve

Question 12

What are the attachments of abductor hallucis?

Answer 12

Origin - medial tubercle of calcaneus, flexor retinaculum and plantar aponeurosis
Insertion - medial base of proximal phalanx of big toe

Question 13

What are the actions of abductor hallucis?

Answer 13

Abduction and flexion of big toe

Question 14

What nerve supplies abductor hallucis?

Answer 14

Medial plantar nerve

Question 15

What are the attachments of abductor digiti minimi?

Answer 15

Origin - medial and lateral tubercles of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis
Insertion - lateral base of proximal phalanx of fifth digit

Question 16

What are the actions of abductor digiti minimi?

Answer 16

Abduction and flexion of fifth toe

Question 17

Which nerve supplies abductor digiti minimi?

Answer 17

Lateral plantar nerve

Question 18

Which muscles are in the second layer of the plantar aspect of the foot?

Answer 18

Lumbricals and quadratus plantae

Also tendons of flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus

Question 19

What are the actions of the lumbricals?

Answer 19

Flexion at metatarsophalangeal joints and extension at interphalangeal joints

Question 20

What are the attachments of quadratus plantae?

Answer 20

Origin - medial and lateral plantar surface of calcaneus

Insertion - tendons of flexor digitorum longus

Question 21

What is the action of quadratus plantae?

Answer 21

Flexion of lateral 4 digits

Question 22

Which nerve supplies quadratus plantae?

Answer 22

Lateral plantar nerve

Question 23

Which muscles make up the third layer of the plantar aspect of the foot?

Answer 23

Flexor hallucis brevis, flexor digiti minimi and adductor hallucis

Question 24

What are the two heads of adductor hallucis called?

Answer 24

Transverse and oblique heads

Question 25

Which muscles make up the fourth layer of the plantar aspect of the foot?

Answer 25

Dorsal and plantar interossei

Question 26

How many dorsal interossei are there?

Answer 26

Four

Question 27

How many plantar interossei are there?

Answer 27

Three

Question 28

What action do the dorsal interossei have?

Answer 28

Abduction of the toes

Question 29

What action do the plantar interossei have?

Answer 29

Adduction of the toes

Question 30

Which muscles are responsible for extension of the big toe?

Answer 30

Extensor hallucis longus and brevis

Question 31

Which muscles are responsible for flexion of the big toe?

Answer 31

Flexor hallucis longus, flexor hallucis brevis and abductor hallucis

Question 32

Which muscle is responsible for abduction of the big toe?

Answer 32

Abductor hallucis

Question 33

Which muscle is responsible for adduction of the big toe?

Answer 33

Adductor hallucis

Question 34

Which muscles are responsible for extension of the lateral four toes?

Answer 34

Extensor digitorum longus and brevis

Question 35

Which muscles are responsible for flexion of the lateral four toes?

Answer 35

Flexor digitorum longus, flexor digitorum brevis and quadratus plantae

Question 36

Which muscles are responsible for abduction of the lateral four toes?

Answer 36

Dorsal interossei

Question 37

Which muscles are responsible for adduction of the lateral four toes?

Answer 37

Plantar interossei

Question 38

Which muscles are responsible for flexion of the fifth toe?

Answer 38

Flexor digitorum longus, flexor digitorum brevis, quadratus plantae, abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi

Question 39

Which muscles are responsible for extension of the fifth toe?

Answer 39

Extensor digitorum longus and brevis

Question 40

Which muscle is responsible for abduction of the fifth toe?

Answer 40

Abductor digiti minimi

Question 41

Which muscle is responsible for adduction of the fifth toe?

Answer 41

Plantar interossei