Thiazide Diuretics

Question 1

What are the 5 families of Diuretic Drugs?

Answer 1

1. Thiazides
2. Loop Diuretics
3. Potassium-Sparing
4. Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitors
5. Osmotic Diuretics

Question 2

What are two main clinical reasons why we would want to administer diuretics?

Answer 2

1. Essential hypertension

2. Edema - congested heart failure, liver failure, kidney failure.

Question 3

MOA of thiazides diuretics?

Answer 3

Inhibit the sodium/chloride co transporter in the distal convoluted tubule.

Question 4

What is an important note about the MOA of thiazides being effective and actually working?

Answer 4

They are dependent on RBF and GFR, so if those drop, the efficacy of thiazides drop. Also, NSAIDS, decrease their effectiveness as well because they decrease prostaglandins and drop RBF.

Question 5

What 4 things are found increased in the urine with thiazides and what 1 thing is decreased in the urine?

Answer 5

Increased: NaCl, K, Water, Mg.
Decreased: Calcium

Question 6

What are 4 therapeutic uses of thiazides?

Answer 6

1. Hypertension
2. Add on in heart failure
3. Too much calcium (thinking kidney stones)
4. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

Question 7

What are the 5 adverse effects of using thiazides?

Answer 7

Hypokalemia (most frequent), hypovolemia, hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis, hypomagnesemia, increase plasma glucose and urate.

Question 8

What drug allergy do we need to consider with Thiazides?

Answer 8

Sulfa Drugs