Thermodynamics Flashcards
change in temperature of most solids (and liquids) results in change in legth
thermal expansion
thermal expansion of solid
∆L = αL∆T
where:
L = initial length
α = coefficient of linear expansion (K^-1) = 1/3 β
thermal expansion of liquid
∆V = βV∆T
where:
V = initial volume
β = coefficient of volumetric expansion (K^-1) = 3 α
non-state functions
work and heat; describe path taken from one state to another
system not capable of exchanging energy or matter with surroundings
isolated system
system capable of exchanging energy but not matter with surroundings
closed system
system capable of exchanging energy or matter with surroundings
open system
amount of heat required to raise 1 g of water 1 °C
calorie (little c)
amount of heat required to raise 1 kg of water 1 °C
Calorie (big C)
1 C = ___ c = ___ J
1 c = ___ J
1 C = 1000 c = 4184 J
1 c = 4.184 J
direct transfer of energy from molecule to molecule through molecular collisions
conduction
transfer of heat by physical motion of fluid over a material
convection
transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves
radiation
change in internal energy (U)
∆U = q - w
specific heat (c)
q = mc∆T
units of c = 1 cal/gK = 4.184 J/gK
