Kinematics and Dynamics Flashcards

1
Q

vector quantity has…

A

magnitude and direction

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2
Q

scalar quantity has…

A

only magnitude

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3
Q

dot product

A

A . B = |A| |B| cos θ

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4
Q

cross product

A

A x B = |A| |B| sin θ

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5
Q

vector of position, only final and initial taken into account

A

displacement

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6
Q

scalar of position, considers path taken

A

distance

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7
Q

velocity (v)

A

vector,

v = ∆X/∆t (m/s)

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8
Q

acceleration (a)

A

vector,

a = ∆v/∆t (m/s^2)

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9
Q

SI unit of force (F)

A

vector,

Newtons (N) = kg*m/s^2

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10
Q

gravitational force between two objects

A

Fg = (Gm1m2)/r^2

where:
G = 6.67E-11 N*m^2/kg^2

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11
Q

force that opposes movement between stationary object and surface

A

static friction (fs)

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12
Q

static friction (fs)

A

fs ≤ μs*N
μs = coefficient of static friction (depends on two materials)
N = normal force, component force perpendicular to plane of contact

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13
Q

force that opposes movement between sliding object and surface

A

kinetic friction (fk)

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14
Q

kinetic friction (fk)

A
fk = μk*N
μk = coefficient of kinetic friction (depends on two materials)
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15
Q

amount of matter in an object (scalar)

A

mass

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16
Q

measure of gravitational force on an objects mass (vector)

A

weight (W)

17
Q

weight (W)

A

W = m*g
m = mass
g (Fg) = 9.8 m/s^2 (approximately 10) (on earth)

18
Q

center of mass/gravity of uniform object

A

x = ( (m1x1) + (m2x2) + (m3x3) + …) / (m1 + m2 + m3 + …)

same for y and z, just replace x

19
Q

Newton’s laws

A
F = m*a   ,   Fab = -Fba
F = force
m = mass
a = acceleration
Fab = force from a to b
-Fba = equal and opposite reaction
20
Q

equations of linear motion

A
x = v*t
x = v(o)*t + (1/2) a*t^2
v = v(o) + a*t
v^2 = v(o)^2 + 2*a*x

where v(o) = velocity initial

21
Q

forces that cause an object to move in a circular path, object has a tendency to break out of circular path

A

circular motion

22
Q

keeps object from breaking out of circular motion path, always points radially inward

A

centripetal force

23
Q

generated by centripetal force

A

centripetal acceleration

24
Q

centripetal acceleration (Fc)

A

Fc = m*v^2 / r

25
Q

happens when force applied to object that causes it to rotate

A

rotational motion

26
Q

fixed point object rotates around

A

fulcrum

27
Q

generated by application of force at some distance; clockwise is positive, counterclockwise is negative

A

torque (𝜏)

28
Q

distance between applied force and fulcrum

A

lever arm

29
Q

torque (𝜏)

A
𝜏 = r*F = r*F sin θ
r = length of lever arm
F = magnitude of force
θ = angle between lever arm and force vectors
30
Q

state of the absence of any net forces acting on an object

A

translational equilibrium

31
Q

state of the absence of any net torques acting on an object

A

rotational equilibrium