Thermal Physiology

Question 1

Conduction

Answer 1

physical contact

Question 2

Convection

Answer 2

movement of fluid across a surface

Question 3

Radiation

Answer 3

electromagnetic radiation

Question 4

Evaporation

Answer 4

cooling mechanism, loses water to vapour state

Question 5

Regional heterothermy

Answer 5

increased heat generation in certain region of animal

Question 6

Temporal heterothermy

Answer 6

increased heat generation at certain time

Question 7

Exergonic reaction

Answer 7

releases energy

Question 8

Endergonic reaction

Answer 8

uses energy

Question 9

Ectotherm MR trends

Answer 9

increases w/ increasing T: biochemical reactions go faster at high temp

Question 10

Endotherm MR trends

Answer 10

MR increases w/ decreasing T: give themselves extra metabolic work to do to maintain constant body T

Question 11

Futile cycling

Answer 11

spin ATP cycle faster to generate more heat

Question 12

Body sizes

Answer 12

ectotherms in high latitudes can’t be large animals

ectotherms can have smaller body sizes than endotherms

Question 13

Vasodilation

Answer 13

increase diameter of blood vessels around skin

Question 14

Plasma membranes

Answer 14

endotherm plasma membranes leakier to ions than ectotherm

Question 15

Vasoconstriction

Answer 15

endotherms, keeps heat in body core to preserve vital organs

Question 16

Countercurrent heat exchangers

Answer 16

passes heat from blood

Question 17

Nonshivering thermogenesis

Answer 17

brown fat-uses uncoupler to use mitochondria to produce heat rather than ATP, keeps respiration going

Question 18

Thermogenin

Answer 18

protein. uncoupler in non shivering thermogensis

Question 19

Mammalian thermostat

Answer 19

located in hypothalamus, has adjustable setpoint, integrates info about air temp and internal body temp

Question 20

Torpor

Answer 20

regulated hypothermia, brief inactive state that lowers thermostat’s setpoint to save energy. used by small, active endothermis. short term-daily

Question 21

Wetbulb temp

Answer 21

temp measured by a wet cloth around bulb of a thermometer

depends on air temp and relative humidity

Question 22

Max wet bulb temp

Answer 22

31-35C

Question 23

Each 1C increase in mean global temp =

Answer 23

0.75 increase in wet bulb