Introduction to Animal Physiology

Question 1

Homeostasis

Answer 1

maintenance of relatively stable internal environment despite changing external conditions

Question 2

Claude Bernard

Answer 2

invented concept of Homeostasis, controversial vivisectionist

Question 3

Negative feedback

Answer 3

response to stimulus that reduces stimulus

Question 4

Positive feedback

Answer 4

response to stimulus that increases stimulus

Question 5

Feedback control

Answer 5

change that occurs in animal in anticipation of stimulus

Question 6

Four fates of energy ingested by animal

Answer 6

stored/used for growth
used to do work
excreted
released as heat

Question 7

Basal metabolic rate

Answer 7

metabolic rate of endotherm necessary to maintain basic processes of life
determined at minimal MR, resting, not digesting, not thermoregulating, not hibernating

Question 8

Standard metabolic rate

Answer 8

MR of ectotherm at given temp

resting, fasting

Question 9

Metabolic rates of body size

Answer 9

large animals have higher MR than small animals

Question 10

Metabolic rates per unit body mass

Answer 10

small animals have higher MR/unit body mass than large animals

Question 11

Functions of epithelial tissue

Answer 11

containment (skin), defense (skin), absorption, exchange, movement, sensory detection

Question 12

Connective tissue

Answer 12

cells suspended in matrix, main function is to bind and support other tissues

Question 13

Amorphous,acellular matrix

Answer 13

fibers (collagen) and ground substance (chondroitin sulfate, calcium ions, magnesium ions PO32-)

Question 14

Muscle tissue

Answer 14

contraction, receive/pass along electrical signals, expends a lot of energy

Question 15

Nervous tissue

Answer 15

transmits and integrates electrical signals, high rates of energy expenditure