Ther ex Flashcards
What is Balance?
Ability to align body segments against gravity to maintain or move body within BOS without falling
What is Cardiopulmonary fitness?
Ability to perform moderate-intensity, repetitive, total body movements over extended time
What is Coordination?
Basis of smooth, accurate, efficient movement and occurs at conscious and autonomic levels
What is Flexibility?
Ability to move freely without restriction
What is Mobility?
Ability of structures of body to move in order to allow ROM for functional activities
What is Muscle Performance?
Capacity of muscles to produce tension and do physical work
What is Neuromuscular control?
Interaction of sensory and motor systems that enables synergists, agonist, and antagonists to respond to proprioceptive and kinesthetic information.
What is Postural control/stability?
Used interchangeably with static or dynamic balance
What is Stability?
Ability to hold a proximal or distal body segment in a stationary position during superimposed movement.
What are the indications for using PROM?
- Region where there is acute, inflamed tissue, passive motion is beneficial.
- Patient is not able or not supposed to actively move the segment.
What are the goals of PROM?
- Maintain joint and connective tissue mobility.
- Minimize the effects of the formation of contractures.
- Maintain mechanical elasticity of muscle.
- Assist circulation and vascular dynamics.
What is Active Assisted Range of Motion (AAROM)?
AROM which is assisted through providing outside manual or mechanical force because prime movers cannot complete motion.
What are the indications for using AROM?
- Patient is able to contract muscles.
- When muscles are weak and cannot move through the entire ROM, AAROM is used.
- When a segment is immobilized, AROM is used above and below the segment.
- Can be used for aerobic conditioning.
What are the goals of AROM?
- Maintain integrity of muscle.
- Provide sensory feedback.
- Provide stimulus for bone and joint tissue integrity.
- Increase circulation and prevent thrombus formation.
- Develop coordination and motor skills.
What are the contraindications to ROM?
- ROM should not be done when motion is disruptive to the healing process.
- ROM should not be done when the patient response or condition is life-threatening.
What are the indications for stretching exercises?
- Limited ROM because soft tissues have lost extensibility.
- Restricted motion may lead to structural deformities.
- Muscle weakness and shortening of opposing tissue have led to limited ROM.
- Component of fitness program to reduce injury.
- Used prior to/after vigorous exercise to reduce muscle soreness.
What are the contraindications for stretching exercises?
- Bony block.
- Recent fracture.
- Acute inflammation.
- Sharp, acute pain with joint movement or muscle elongation.
- Hematoma.
- Hypermobility.
- Shortened soft tissue provides necessary joint stability.
- Shortened tissue allows a person to perform specific functional skills.
What is myostatic contracture?
Musculotendonous junction has adaptively shortened, resulting in loss of ROM with no specific muscle pathology present.
What is pseudomyostatic contracture?
Result of hypertonicity (spasticity/rigidity) associated with CNS lesion or SCI. Muscle spasm or guarding can also be a cause. Responds to neuromuscular inhibition techniques.
What does arthrogenic and periarticular contracture refer to?
Result of an intra-articular pathology.
What are fibrotic and irreversible contracture changes?
Fibrous changes in connective tissue of muscle and periarticular structures.
