Soft Tissue Pathologies Flashcards

1
Q

What is dysfunction?

A

Loss of normal function of a tissue.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is joint dysfunction?

A

Mechanical loss of normal joint play in synovial joints.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is contracture?

A

Adaptive shortening of skin, fascia, muscle or joint capsule.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is adhesion?

A

Abnormal adherence of collagen fibers to surrounding structures.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is reflex muscle guarding?

A

Prolonged contracture of a muscle in response to painful stimulus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is intrinsic muscle spasm?

A

Prolonged contraction of muscle in response to circulatory and metabolic change.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is muscle weakness?

A

Decreased strength of muscle contraction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is myofascial compartment syndrome?

A

Increased interstitial pressure in a closed, nonexpanding, myofascial compartment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is fibromyalgia?

A

A condition that affects women more than men, typically onset in middle adulthood, with pain usually in the scapula, head, neck, chest, and lower back.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the characteristics of fibromyalgia?

A

Pain in muscles, decreased range of motion, postural stresses, tender points at specific sites (18 tender points), no referred pain patterns, no tight band of muscle, fatigue, and waking unrefreshed.

complaints of other systemic issues and significant fluctuation of symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is myofascial pain syndrome?

A

A condition characterized by pain in muscles, decreased range of motion, postural stresses, trigger points in muscles, referred patterns of pain, and a tight band of muscle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a trigger point?

A

A hyperirritable area in a tight band of muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the types of trigger points?

A

Active trigger points produce classic pain patterns; latent trigger points are asymptomatic unless palpated.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the causes of trigger points?

A

Chronic overload of muscles, acute overload of muscles, poorly conditioned muscles, postural stresses, and poor body mechanics.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How is myofascial pain managed?

A

Correct contributing factors of chronic overload of muscle,

eliminate the trigger point

Strengthen the Muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of arthritis?

A

Impaired mobility (capsular pattern), impaired muscle performance (disuse weakness and reflex inhibition), impaired balance (decreased sensory input from mechanoreceptors and muscle spindle), and limitations of activities of daily living (ADLs) and recreation.

17
Q

What is osteoporosis?

A

Decreased mineral content and weakening of bone leads to fractures, typically in the spine, hip, and wrist.

18
Q

How is osteoporosis diagnosed?

A

Using a T-score from a bone mineral density scan (BMD).

Normal: -1.0 or higher, Osteopenia: -1.0 to -2.4, Osteoporosis: -2.5 or less.

19
Q

What are the risk factors for osteoporosis?

A

Postmenopausal status, Caucasian/Asian descent, family history, low body weight, low physical activity, diet low in calcium and vitamin D, and smoking.

20
Q

How is osteoporosis managed?

A

Weight-bearing exercises (walking, jogging, climbing stairs), non-weight-bearing exercises (biking), resistance exercises targeting major muscle groups, and balance activities.

21
Q

What precautions should be taken when managing osteoporosis?

A

Avoid flexion activities (sit-ups, sitting curl machines), avoid combination of flexion and rotation of trunk, and increase progression of resistance carefully.

22
Q

What are the precautions and contraindications of acute RA?

A

P:respect fatigue and increased pain

C:do not stretch swollen joints

23
Q

What are the precautions and contraindications of subacute/chronic RA?

A

P:joint capsule/ligaments may be weakened by steroid use, stretching /joint mob must be carefully graded

C:vigirourous stretching or manipulation

24
Q

what are the precautions of OA?

A

increased pain with resistive exercise

25
Q

How is acute RA managed?

26
Q

How is OA managed ?