Theory Of Crime

Question 1

Functionalism and crime

Answer 1

• too much crime as destabilising but also invabke
• to reason : not everyone is socialised ; complex modern societ are diverse
• Durkheim modern society normless weaker less clear cut specialised division of labour weak cc

Question 2

Boundary maintenance- Durkheim

Answer 2

• reaction from society - reinforce commitment to shared norm values
• function of punishment not to make offender suffer - reinforce rule and social solidarity
• rituals in court room dramatise evil

Question 3

Adaptation and change - Durkheim

Answer 3

• change start with deviance - scope to challenge norm value
• first will appear as deviance then will make way to new culture morality
• new ideas suppressed society will stagnate

Question 4

David

Answer 4

• prostitution is men safety valve
• release men sexual frustration with out hurt the monogamous neulear family

Question 5

Functionalist - critism

Answer 5

• can’t tell what is too much crime
• crime doesn’t nessary lead to social solidarity- people isolated

Question 6

Strain theory

Answer 6

• ## people engage in deviant behaviour when they are unable to gain socially approved goal by leg means

Question 7

Merton strain

Answer 7

Deviance is the result o& strain between two factors
- the goals a culture encourages
- what the institutional structure or society allows them to achieve

Question 8

American dream

Answer 8

• American expected to persue dream - tells Americans it is meritocrac
• reality different disadvantage group deny opportunities to achieve legitimacy
• lead to strain ; cultral goal of money ; frustration; achieve illegitimate; deviant
• win game become more important

Question 9

Deviant adaptation to strain

Answer 9

Individual position in socupiety affect way they adapt to strain
- conformity accept goal and mean
Innovation - accept goal not means
Ritualism doesn’t accept goal but accept mean
Reatreatism doesn’t accept either - vangrant tramp
Rebellion- activist

Question 10

Evaluate Merton

Answer 10

• ignore power of ruling class
• ## ignore state crime

Question 11

Ak cohen status frustration

Answer 11

• focus on deviant w/c boys
• cultral dep means they can’t achieve
• m/c world bottom of the social heirachy
• status frustration Recject m/ c value form Deviant subculture

Question 12

Alternative status hierarchy ak cohen

Answer 12

• subculture value are spite malice and hostility- invert society value
• the function is to offer alternative status
• explain no utalitarian crime

Question 13

Cloward and ohlin

Answer 13

• w/ denied opportunity,
• diff subcu resort to crime in different ways
• unequal acess to illegitimate opportunity
• diff neiborour diff opertuntituty

Question 14

Criminal subculture

Answer 14

• provide kid with appentiship for utitarian crime
  -neibourhood long-standing crime

Question 15

Conflict subcultures

Answer 15

• high population turnover- lead to social disorganisation prevent stable criminal network
• loosely organised gangs
• voilance provided a release men frustration

Question 16

Retreating

Answer 16

• base£ on illegal drug use