Gender Crime And Justice Flashcards
1
Q
Functionalist sex role theory
A
- gexplain gender diff in crime through socialisation
- boys aggressive and risk taking, more disposed to acts of violence
2
Q
Parson - sex role theory
A
- trace diff in crime to gender role in family : men bread winner out side women expressive in home
- girl have acess to female role model boy reject b6 distance self compensate compulsive masc slip into crim activity
3
Q
A.K cohen
A
- boys lack male socialising agent turn to male street gang for source of identity
4
Q
Walklate - parson critism
A
- sex role assume women are best suited to expressive rolf
Ultimate based on untested biological assumptions
5
Q
Heidenson
A
Women’s behavou4 is conformist because there is control imposed on women reduce oppertunity to offend
- the control is seen at home public or at work
6
Q
Heidenson
A
Women’s behavou4 is conformist because there is control imposed on women reduce oppertunity to offend
- the control is seen at home public or at work
7
Q
Control at home
A
- constan5 housework , restrictions over time movement confines women to house
- women who seek to reject partners enforce it on by force
8
Q
Dobadash and dobadsh
A
- violent attack result from men dissatisfaction of their wives prefomance of domestic duties
- exercise control through financial power - deny suffiant fund for leisure activities
9
Q
Daughter patriarchal control
A
- less likely to do as they please
- develop bedrooms culture socialise at home
- require to do more housework
10
Q
Control in public space
A
- fear of male violence 54% avoid going out at dark
- fear of not being respectable - going into pubs - sex worker / loose
- boys maintain control through verbal abuse
11
Q
Control at work
A
- sexual harassment keeps women in their place
Glass ceiling can stop women from committing fraud and white collar crime
12
Q
Carlen class and gender deal
A
- looked at w/c who commit a range of crime ( some m/c)
- hirschi control theory - peopl3 offer reward for conformity if not forthcoming- crime
- w/c promise two type - class deal , gender deal
If not available or worth crime more likely
13
Q
Class deal
A
- failed to gain a legit way of living
- 32 in poverty whole life
- problem with claiming benifits
14
Q
Gender deal
A
Did not see th3 benifit in family
- many had been abused
- lived in care
- ran from care
15
Q
Carlen and heindson eval
A
- women behavour determined - no free will
Carlen sample small unrepresentative
16
Q
Liberation thesis alder
A
- women freed from patriarchy- commit serious male crime - raise female crime
- structure of society changed patriarchy lessened in work + school- women adopt male role in legitimate activity and illegitimate activities
- increase confidence and assertive greater opportunities whit3 collar crime
17
Q
Critism of liberation thesis
A
- female crime rose before liberation thesis
- little evidence that structure of professional crime has opened up to women
18
Q
Hand and Dodd
A
Number of violence female rose 17% each year
19
Q
Stefffensmeir and shawartz
A
- female aresr grew 1/5 to 1/3 1980-2003
- did not match victim report, no Chang just net wid3n
20
Q
Sharpe gelsthorpe
A
- net widening policy produce rise in official statistics for violent crime
- low level physical alterations no won
21
Q
Homocide victim
A
- 70% male - killed by friend / aquantence
- women more likely to be killed by someone they know 60% time
22
Q
Victims of violence
A
- women itminate violence 1/4 domestic violence
- 5x more likely to be as
- 8% report serious sexual assault
23
Q
Mismatch between fear and risk
A
- women less victim , more scared
- female experiance violence refuses to be interviewed
24
Q
Messerschmidt
A
- masculinity is a social construct - men have to work at presenting and constructed, some have more to achieve
- hegemonic masculinity is what every man wants to achieve , some Menes have a subordinate identity- gay minority ethnic
25
Messerschmidt achieve masculinity
- crime and deviance is a resource
- white m/c subordinate to teacher outside school vandilisr
- white w/c masculinity oppersitional in and out of school
- black Lower class working youths gang membership
26
Critism of Messerschmidt
- crisis explanation or description
- not all men use crime
Suggest all men enjoy crime
27
Left realism
- see statistic as representative
- crime is product of marginalisation releative deprivation
- me - Rasmussen ecomnomoc dep unemployment poverty poor housing - consumer encourage by media - form subculture utilatrain crime - no rep ultalutariqn crime
28
Lea and young police racism
- acknowledge police can act in discriminatory ways but not explain differences
- 90% crime are report by public - unlikely police act in discriminatory ways
- can’t explain diff in minority - caused by rd and marg
29
Gilroy
- black criminality myth based on raspy stereotypes
- minority ethnic crime political resistance- struggle against imperialism w/c crime political resistance
- back Asian originate from colony anti imperialism taught defend themselves riot and demonstrating
-
30
Hall et al -
- 1970 moral panic over black mugger - seve needs of capitalism
- capitalism high crisis - unemployment high inflation strike
- need to legitimate force - moral panic mugging assisted with black no evidence of more
- seve as a scapegoat for unemployment
31
Black mugger symbolise disintegrated of social order
- by presenting black youth as threat moral panic serve to divide the w/c on racial ground
- win popular concent for authoritarian
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