theory: basic family therapy terms Flashcards
psychodynamic model
One of the earliest theories of family counseling, developed by Nathan Ackerman. This model was based on the key concepts of Freud’s psychoanalytic theory and explores the role of anxiety, defense mechanisms, and unconscious conflicts and desires in the functioning of individuals and families.
General Systems Theory
This theory, developed by Ludwig von Bertalanffy, provides a basic framework for understanding the interactions and issues that occur within family systems. It examines family relationships and transactions between members rather than scrutinizing the personalities or actions of any one family member in isolation
circular causality
A term used in general systems theory to describe the notion that each family member’s behavior is influenced by other family members. In other words, causality is not a linear process; each family member affects the others’ behavior in a circular manner.
rules
A term used in general systems theory to refer to the unique family rules every family establishes and expects its members to abide by. Family rules establish a template of expected family behavior and provide members with predictability and a foundation for interacting with each other. Some rules preserve and enhance family functioning, while others do the opposite.
homeostasis
The tendency of a family system to sustain normal functioning and patterns of interaction by continually taking inventory of, prioritizing, and tending to their needs so as to maintain health and well-being. Families will resist change unless someone or something intervenes in order to maintain a state of equilibrium
boundaries
The physical and psychological factors that separate the family system from outsiders, as well as define roles and responsibilities within a family unit. Boundaries can be either rigid (closed family system) or flexible (open family system).
subsystems
Distinct and somewhat independent parts of a larger system. In family therapy the most important subsystems are the spousal subsystem (i.e., husband and wife, partners), the parental subsystem (i.e., mother, father, and partners), and the sibling subsystem.
