Theoretical Integration

Question 1

PRO-Integrative approaches have been used for over 50 years by counseling psychology

Answer 1

Carkuff (1960)

Question 2

PRO-flexible repertoire of relationship styles and pertinent techniques appear to enhance treatment outcomes

Answer 2

Lazarus, 1993

Question 3

PRO-Most experts agree that successful counseling involves tailoring treatment to client, therapist, and setting

Answer 3

Day, 2004

Question 4

PRO-Majority of English-speaking practitioners consider themselves to be integrationists/eclectic

Answer 4

Prochaska & Norcross, 2003; Jensen et al., 1990

Question 5

PRO-All theories have gaps, integration helps to fill these holes

Answer 5

Prochaska & Norcross, 2007

Question 6

PRO-Theories need to be comprehensive and adaptive to diverse settings

Answer 6

Sharf, 2004

Question 7

PRO-Rigid adherence to single theory, while proven effective for many therapies, may not be maximally effective for all clients

Answer 7

Kazdin, 1984; Wampold, 2001

Question 8

AGAINST-Theories should be parsimonious and have as few assumptions as possible

Answer 8

Sharf, 2004

Question 9

AGAINST–No consistent rationale for tx planning, assessment, interventions, or testing

Answer 9

Lazarus & Beutler, 1993

Question 10

AGAINST-Integrated theories are likely to still be subject to same criticisms of the theories from which they borrow

Answer 10

Sharf, 2004

Question 11

AGAINST-Some claim that no true theoretical integration has been achieved

Answer 11

Lazarus, 1996

Question 12

Eclectic therapists ask the famous question posed by Gordon Paul: “What treatment, by whom, is most effective for this individual with that specific problem, under which set of circumstances, and how does it come about?”

Answer 12

Paul, 1967

Question 13

Systematic Treatment Selection (STS) is a research-based, technically eclectic system that does guide us at “choice points

Answer 13

Beutler et al., 2002

Question 14

8 routes to theoretical integration – citation

Answer 14

Brooks-Harris (2007)

Question 15

what are the 8 routes to therepeutic integration?

Answer 15

common factors, technical eclecticism,
theoretical synthesis, multitheoretical framework,
assimilative integration, thematic models,
helping skills,
personal integration (own belief system)

Question 16

One example of integrating theories is Cognitive Analytic Therapy (CAT) – a combination of cognitive and psychoanalytic. What’s a citation for this?

Answer 16

Ryle, 1998; Denman, 2001

Question 17

The critical working hypothesis serves as a bridge between theory and _________________

Answer 17

Practice (Hansen & Freimuth, 1997)

Question 18

What are the 7 levels that clinicians must consider in their theoretical orientation?

Answer 18

Hansen & Freimuth, 1997

1. Assumptive world
2. School of thought
3. Theory
4. Theorist
5. Working hypothesis
6. Strategy
7. Technique

Question 19

What is the citation for the Handbook of Psychotherapy?

Answer 19

Lambert (2004) updated version of Bergin & Garfield

Question 20

What is the definition of psychotherapy?

Answer 20

“the informed and intentional application of clinical methods and interpersonal stances derived from established psychological principles for the purpose of assisting people to modify their behaviors, cognitions, emotions, and/or other personal characteristics in directions that the participants deem desirable”

(Prochaska & Norcross, 2007)